Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T01:04:29.177Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Exploring indicators of system-of-systems resilience: outcomes of a health systems design workshop at an international conference

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

Valeria Pannunzio*
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Alexander Komashie
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Sebastian Walsh
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Richard Milne
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Timoleon Kipouros
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
Guillaume Lamé
Affiliation:
CentraleSupélec, France
Anja Maier
Affiliation:
University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Carol Brayne
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
P. John Clarkson
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge, United Kingdom

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This contribution departs from an existing model, the Design Framework for Systems-of-Systems Resilience, to explore systems resilience issues across the health, environmental, and economic domains. The reported research activities include 1) a rapid review to collect a set of systems indicators and 2) a design workshop employing causal loop diagramming to map expected causal influences between indicators. Through this exercise, we examine key themes in this research domain and outline directions for further enquiry, while involving members of the design research community in an open dialogue.

Type
Systems Engineering and Design
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2024.

References

Alsan, M., Bloom, D., Canning, D., and Jamison, D. (2007). “The consequences of population health for economic performance”. In: Bennett, S., Gilson, L., and Mills, A. (Eds.), Health, Economic Development and Household Poverty, Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 2139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhargava, A., Jamison, D.T., Lau, L.J. and Murray, C.J., (2001), Modeling the effects of health on economic growth, Journal of health economics, Vol. 20(3), pp.423440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6296(01)00073-XCrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bloom, D.E. and Canning, D., (2009). ”Population health and economic growth”, In: Spencer, M., Lewis, M. (Eds.), Health and growth, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, on behalf of the Commission on Growth and Development, Washington, pp. 5375.Google Scholar
Brunekreef, B., & Holgate, S. T. (2002). “Air pollution and health”. The Lancet, Vol. 360(9341), pp. 12331242. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buckley, W. (2017). “Society as a complex adaptive system”. In Buckley, W. (Ed.), Systems Research for Behavioral Science, Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 490513.Google Scholar
Butland, B., Jebb, S., Kopelman, P., McPherson, K., Thomas, S., Mardell, J. and Parry, V. (2007). Tackling obesities: future choices-project report, Vol. 10, p. 17. London: Department of Innovation, Universities and Skills.Google Scholar
Camacho, C., Bower, P., Webb, R. T., & Munford, L. (2023). “Measurement of community resilience using the Baseline Resilience Indicator for Communities (BRIC) framework: A systematic review”. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Vol. 95, 103870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103870CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, Y., Elsayed, E. A., & Huang, Z. (2022). “Systems resilience assessments: a review, framework and metrics”. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 60(2), pp. 595622. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1971789CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ciccone, N., Patou, F., Komashie, A., Lamé, G., Clarkson, P. J., & Maier, A. M. (2020). “Healthcare systems design: a sandbox of current research themes presented at an international meeting”. In Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference, October 26-29, 2020, Cambridge University Press, pp. 18731882. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.24Google Scholar
Cole, M. A., & Neumayer, E. (2004). “Examining the impact of demographic factors on air pollution”. Population and Environment, Vol. 26(1), pp. 521. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:POEN.0000039950.85422.ebCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copeland, S., Hinrichs-Krapels, S., Fecondo, F., Santizo, E.R., Bal, R. and Comes, T., (2023). “A resilience view on health system resilience: a scoping review of empirical studies and reviews”. BMC Health Services Research, Vol. 23(1), pp.1297. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10022-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cutter, S. L., Burton, C. G., & Emrich, C. T. (2010). “Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions”. Journal of homeland security and emergency management, Vol. 7(1). https://doi.org/10.2202/1547-7355.1732CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darabi, N. and Hosseinichimeh, N., (2020). “System dynamics modeling in health and medicine: a systematic literature review”. System Dynamics Review, Vol. 36(1), pp. 2973. https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.1646CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dreesbeimdiek, K.M., Von Behr, C.M., Brayne, C. and Clarkson, P.J., (2022). “Towards a Contemporary Design Framework for System-of-Systems Resilience”. Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference, May 23-26, 2022, Cambridge University Press, pp. 18351844. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.186Google Scholar
El Bcheraoui, C., Weishaar, H., Pozo-Martin, F. and Hanefeld, J., (2020). “Assessing COVID-19 through the lens of health systems’ preparedness: time for a change”. Globalization and Health, Vol. 16, pp. 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00645-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haines, A. and Patz, J.A., (2004). “Health effects of climate change”. JAMA, Vol. 291(1), pp.99103. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.1.99CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fricke, E., Schulz, A.P., (2005). “Design for changeability (DfC): Principles to enable changes in systems throughout their entire lifecycle”. Systems Engineering. Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 342359. https://doi.org/10.1002/sys.20039CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Health index explorer (2023) Health Index. Available at: https://healthindex.lcp.com/ (Accessed: 03 November 2023).Google Scholar
Hollnagel, E., Woods, D.D. and Leveson, N. eds., (2006). Resilience engineering: Concepts and precepts. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, Aldershot.Google Scholar
Hou, C., Chen, H. and Long, R., (2022), “Coupling and coordination of China's economy, ecological environment and health from a green production perspective”. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 19(5), pp.40874106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03329-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, J. (2023), Developing Data-enabled Design in the Field of Digital Health. [PhD Thesis], Delft University of Technology, pp. 83106. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:28c38358-a1ca-423c-97fb-841471138e56CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koliou, M., van de Lindt, J. W., McAllister, T. P., Ellingwood, B. R., Dillard, M., & Cutler, H. (2020). “State of the research in community resilience: Progress and challenges”. Sustainable and resilient infrastructure, Vol. 5(3), pp. 131151. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2017.1418547CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komashie, A., Lame, G., Patou, F., Ciccone, N., Maier, A., & Clarkson, P. J. (2019). “Exploring healthcare systems design research and practice: outcomes of an international meeting”. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design, Delft, the Netherlands, August 5-8 2019, Cambridge University Press, pp. 947956. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.100Google Scholar
Lange, S., & Vollmer, S. (2017). “The effect of economic development on population health: a review of the empirical evidence”. British medical bulletin, Vol. 121(1), pp. 4760. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldw052CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lannon, C. J. S. T. (2012). “Causal loop construction: the basics”. The Systems Thinker, Vol. 23(8), pp. 78.Google Scholar
Lin, G., Palopoli, M. and Dadwal, V., (2020). “From causal loop diagrams to system dynamics models in a data-rich ecosystem”, In: Celi, L. A., Majumder, M. S., Ordóñez, P., Osorio, J. S., Paik, K. E., Somai, M. (Eds.), Leveraging data science for global health, pp.7798. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47994-7_6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mousa, A., Savva, G.M., Mitnitski, A., Rockwood, K., Jagger, C., Brayne, C. and Matthews, F.E., (2018). “Is frailty a stable predictor of mortality across time? Evidence from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies”, Age and ageing, Vol. 47(5), pp.721727. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy077CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nathwani, J., Lind, N., Renn, O. and Schellnhuber, H.J., (2021). “Balancing health, economy and climate risk in a multi-crisis”. Energies, Vol. 14(14), p.4067. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144067CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nieuwborg, A., Hiemstra-van Mastrigt, S., Melles, M., Zekveld, J. and Santema, S., 2023. “A Categorization of Resilience: A Scoping Review”. Administrative Sciences, Vol. 13(4), pp.95. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13040095CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pahl, G. and Beitz, W. (1996), Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach, Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3581-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pannunzio, V., Friday, L., Kipouros, T., & Clarkson, P. J. (2023). “Dependency and Structure Modelling for stakeholder management: an example in Landscape Regeneration”. Proceedings of the 25th International DSM Conference (DSM 2023), Gothenburg, Sweden, October 03-05, 2023, pp. 133140. https://doi.org/10.35199/dsm2023.15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pannunzio, V., Kipouros, T., Khan, A., Friday, L., Brayne, C., Clarkson, P.J. (2024), “Designing for System-of-Systems Resilience: from the Individual to the Planet”. Submitted for publication in Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference, May 20-23, 2024.Google Scholar
Pereira, L. C., de Souza, A. O., Bernardes, M. F. F., Pazin, M., Tasso, M. J., Pereira, P. H., & Dorta, D. J. (2015). “A perspective on the potential risks of emerging contaminants to human and environmental health”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 22, pp. 1380013823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4896-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richardson, G.P., (1986). “Problems with causal-loop diagrams”, System dynamics review, Vol. 2(2), pp.158170. https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.4260020207CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahin, O., Salim, H., Suprun, E., Richards, R., MacAskill, S., Heilgeist, S., … & Beal, C. D. (2020). “Developing a preliminary causal loop diagram for understanding the wicked complexity of the COVID-19 pandemic”, Systems, Vol. 8(2), pp. 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems8020020CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarkodie, S.A. and Owusu, P.A., (2021). “Global assessment of environment, health and economic impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19)”. Environment, development and sustainability, Vol. 23(4), pp.50055015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00801-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Searle, S.D., Mitnitski, A., Gahbauer, E.A., Gill, T.M. and Rockwood, K., (2008). “A standard procedure for creating a frailty index”, BMC geriatrics, Vol. 8(1), pp.110. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-8-24CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Subramanian, S. V., Belli, P., & Kawachi, I. (2002). “The macroeconomic determinants of health”, Annual review of public health, Vol. 23(1), pp. 287302. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140540CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taysom, E., & Crilly, N. (2017). “Resilience in sociotechnical systems: the perspectives of multiple stakeholders”. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation, Vol. 3(3), pp.165182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sheji.2017.10.011Google Scholar
Taysom, E., & Crilly, N. (2018). “On the Resilience of Sociotechnical Systems”, Systemic Design: Theory, Methods, and Practice, pp. 145171. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55639-8_6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tip, T., (2011), “Guidelines for drawing causal loop diagrams”. Systems Thinker, Vol. 22(1), pp.57.Google Scholar
Turnock, B., (2012), Public health. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, Burlington, MA. pp. 5385.Google Scholar