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FUNDING DESIGN AND INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: A REVIEW OF SOURCES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2020

S.-A. Mitropoulos*
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, United States of America
A. Sicko
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, United States of America
S. Frilingos
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, United States of America
N. Aroh
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, United States of America
P. Y. Papalambros
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, United States of America

Abstract

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Funding for design impacts the practical ability to address relevant problems. Using public sources, we explore funding aimed at design and business innovations for sustainable development in Africa provided by NGOs, governments, and multinational organizations. We focus on agriculture, energy, sanitation, and urban development, with successful or promising project examples. We conclude that country location, population or economic size do not drive government R&D spending; agricultural R&D funding is below targets; and NGOs combine funding with education and skill-building opportunities.

Type
Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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