It has been indicated that to achieve maximal milk production, a non-lactation or dry period is necessary between lactations (Rastani et al., 2005). A period of 45 to 60 days, generally, has been recommended for the dry period. Shortening the dry period to less than 60 days has been promoted during the past few years (Gulay et al., 2003). Several experiments designed to examine the effect of reducing the dry period, to approximately 4-5 weeks, have shown no difference in milk production and/or fat corrected milk in the subsequent lactation (Gulay et al., 2003). The object of the present experiment was to determine the effect of days dry (30-45 vs. 45-60 days) and diet combination on the first 60 days actual milk production, milk fat and protein concentrations, somatic cell counts (SCC), body condition score and conception rate per first insemination of high producing cows.