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Treaty Practice in Chile, Argentina, and Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

Alona E. Evans
Alona E. Evans*
Affiliation:
Wellesley College
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Type
Fifth Session
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Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at its annual meeting (1921-1969) , Volume 53 , 1959 , pp. 302 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1959

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References

1 For discussions of practice in other Latin American states, or in Latin America in general, see, e.g., Hildebrando Accioly, Tratado de Direito Internacional Público (2 vols., 2d ed., 1956); Alberto Ulloa y Sotomayor, Derecho Internacional Público (2 vols., 4th ed., 1957); Ernesto Dihigo, “Treaties as Law in National Courts: Latin America,” 16 Louisiana Law Eeview 734–754 (1956); Edgar Turlington, “The Control of Foreign Eelations under the Constitutions of the American Eepublics,” Academia Interamericana de Derecho Comparado e Internacional, Cursos Monograficos, Vol. 4 (1954), pp. 187–247.

2 Art. 72, see. 16. For texts of the Constitutions of Chile and Mexico, see A. J. Peaslee (ed.), Constitutions of Nations (3 vols., 2d ed., 1956). For the text of the Argentine Constitution of 1853, see E. H. Fitzgibbon (ed.), The Constitutions of the Americas (1948).

3 Carlos Estévez Gazmuri, Elementos de Derecho Constitucional Chileno 217 (1949).

4 U.N. Legislative Series, Laws and Practices Concerning the Conclusion of Treaties (1952) (U.N. Doc. ST/LEG/SEB.B/3), p. 36.

5 Art. 2, Ley No. 5142, Diario Oficial, No. 16,522, March 10, 1933. See Chile, Memoria del Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores, 1943, p. 529.

6 Re Lechin y otros, Gaceta de los Tribunales, 1949, Pt. 2, p. 443 at p. 445; 1949 Annual Digest and Eeports of Public International Law Cases 1. See Memoria del Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores, 1950, pp. 296–297.

7 Be Cámpora y otros, 54 Eevista de Derecho, Jurisprudeneia y Ciencias Sociales y Gaceta de los Tribunales, Nos. 7–8 (Sept.-Oct. 1957), Pt. 2, sec. 4, p. 197 at pp. 356–357 (cited as R.D.J.C.S.). Cf. Re García Zepeda, 52 ibid. 34 (Jan.-April 1955); 1955 International Law Eeports 528.

8 U.N. Legislative Series, Laws and Practices Concerning the Conclusion of Treaties, p. 35. E.g., the revision of the Inter-American Agreement on Eadio Communication of 1937 was approved by the Minister of the Interior by Decree No. 1093 of Feb. 25, 1942, Diario Oficial, March 10, 1942. Memoria del Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores, 1942, pp. 408–409.

9 Gardaix (Sue.) con Pisco, 20 E.D.J.C.S., sec. 1, p. 131 at p. 137 (1923); Junta Provincial de Beneflcencia de Sevilla v. Guzman et al., 33 ibid. Pt. 2, sec. 1, p. 449 at p. 470 (1936).

10 Fernando Albónico Valenzuela, El Derecho Internacional Privado ante la Jurisprudeneia Chilena, Colección de Estudios Juridicos, No. 11, Seminario de Derecho Privado de la Universidad de Chile, p. 12 (1943).

11 Memoria del Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores, 1945, Vol. I I , p. 379, citing Manuel Egidio Ballesteros, Ley de Organizaci6n y Atribuciones de los Tribunales, Vol. I, p. 571.

12 Chile, Boletín de las Leyes, 1934 (Jan.-June), p. 889 at pp. 911–912. See Memoria del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, 1942, p . 336, pp. 465–466; ibid., Vol. 1943, pp. 678–679. Cf. 268 Diario de Sesiones del Senado, Legislatura Extraordinaria, Pt. II, p. 1329 ff.

13 Comunidad Plor del Toco con Pisco, 26 B.D.J.C.S., Pt. 2, sec. 1, p. 113 at p. 124 (1929). Cf. Boss con Fisco, 8 ibid., Pt. 2, sec. 1, p . 323 at p. 336 (1911).

14 Gastellu y otros con Dirección General de Impuestos Internos, 40 E.D.J.C.S., Pt. 2, p. 70 at p. 74 (1943).

15 Re Jeanprost, 22 E.D.J.C.S., Pt. 2, sec. 1, p. 335 at p. 349 (1925); 1923–1924 Annual Digest 276.

16 Art. 1 (1949 ed.) Memoria del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, 1940, p . 589.

17 Art. 19 ff. (1949 ed.). See Gardaix (Sue.) con Fisco, note 9 above.

18 Re Areco León (Minors), 53 E.D.J.C.S., Nos. 1–2 (Jan.-April 1956), Pt. 2, p. 29; Re Jeanprost, note 15 above; Re Lechin, note 6 above.

19 Luis A. Podestá Costa, Derecho Internacional Público (2 vols., 3d ed., 1955), Vol. I, p. 401; Daniel Antokoletz, Tratado de Derecho Internacional Público (2 vols., 4th ed. rev., 1944), Vol. I, p. 76.

20 U.N. Legislative Series, Laws and Practices Concerning the Conclusion of Treaties, p. 4.

21 Art. 21, Ley No. 48, Sept. 14, 1863, Anales de Legislación Argentina, 1852–1880, p. 364 at p. 369.

22 E.g., Re Chantrain, 208 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 84 at 86.

23 S. A. Merck Quimica Argentina v. Nación Argentina, 211 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 162 at 205; 1950 International Law Eeports 401.

24 86 League of Nations Treaty Series 111 at 234–236.

25 Podestá Costa, op. cit., Vol. I , p. 374, note 11.

26 Ibid. 54, 388.

27 Fiscal v. Nerpitd, 186 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 130 at 131; 1940–1941 Annual Digest 411; Re Cifone, 206 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 218 at 220.

28 García v. Province of Buenos Aires, 139 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 42 at 46–47; 1923–1924 Annual Digest 317; Emiliozzi y Tetarmata v. Cía. Argentina de Lanchas, 141 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 102 at 106; 1923–1924 Annual Digest 317.

29 Montero v. Fernández, 1938–1940 Annual Digest 472 at 473. Cf. Palmiero v. Brozzini e Hijo, 192 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 489.

30 Antokoletz, op. oit., Vol. I, p. 75.

31 U.N. Legislative Series, Laws and Practices Concerning the Conclusion of Treaties, p. 4.

32 Alonso v. Haras Los Cardos, 186 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 258 at 263; 1938–1940 Annual Digest 474. Cf. Re All America Cable and Eadio Inc., 202 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 476 at 479.

33 Sola Hnos. v. Laboratories Suarry, S.A., 187 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 131; Constitution, Arts. 17, 67.

34 Constitution, Arts. 14, 27. Re Berreta, 107 Gaceta del Foro 249 at 252 (Nov.-Dec. 1933); 1933–1934 Annual Digest 259; Uruguay, Anexo a la Memoria del Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores, Tratados Celebrados por el Congreso Internacional Sud-Americano de Montevideo (1889), p. 936. Cf. Delgado et al., 187 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 371 at 378.

35 For general discussions of powers of de facto governments with particular reference to Argentine practice, see J. Irizarry y Puente, “The Nature and Powers of a ‘De Facto’ Government in Latin America,” 30 Tulane Law Review 15–72 (1955); Segundo V. Linares Quintana, “Comparison of the Constitutional Basis of the United States and Argentine Political Systems,” 97 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 641–664 (1948-1949).

36 Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires v. Mayer, 201 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 249 at 269, and eases cited therein.

37 Op. oit., Vol. I, pp. 401–402.

38 Linares Quintana, loc. cit. 660 ff.

39 See Eeport of Procurator General in Re Ferrocarril Oeste, 209 Fallos de la Corte Suprema 274 at 280–282; Re Perón, 238 ibid. 76; Linares Quintana, loc. cit. 663–664.

40 General Aramburu as Provisional President ratified the Montevideo Conventions of 1940 on International Civil Law, International Commercial Law, International Navigation, International Procedural Law, by Decree-Law No. 7771 of April 27, 1956, Anales de Legislaci6n Argentina, XVI-A (1956), p. 328. The validity of the reinstatement of the 1853 Constitution by executive action in 1956 has been questioned. S. M. Dana Montario, “The Constitutional Problem of the Argentine Government,” 6 A. J. Comp. Law 340 (1957).

41 Art. 89, sec. 10; Art. 76, sec. 1. For an analysis of the discrepancy between these articles as to whether it is the Senate or the Congress which participates in the treaty-making process, see Felipe Tena Ramírez, Derecho Constitucional Mexicano 372–373 (4th ed., rev., 1958).

42 Re Raja, 19 Semanario Judicial de la Federación (5a Epoca) 1159 at 1163. Oscar Eabasa, El Derecho Angloamericano. Estudio Expositivo y Comparado del “Common Law” 541–542 (1944).

43 Re Alcérreca, 19 Semanario Judicial de la Federación 1142 at 1151; Felipe Gutiérrez Zorrilla, El Derecho Internacional y Sus Eelacionea con el Derecho Interno 91 ff. (1948).

44 Tena Ramirez, op. cit. 41. See Antonio Martínez Báez, “ La Constitución y los Tratados Internationales,” 8 Revista de la Escuela Nacional de Jurisprudencia, No. 30, pp. 178–179 (April-June, 1946); Mauricio Valdés Villarreal, “Comentario a una Reforma del Artículo 133 Constitucional,” 15 Jus, No. 89, pp. 445–446 (Dec, 1945); Daniel Escalante, “ La Constitutión de 1857 y los Tratados Internationales,” El Poro, 4a Epoca, Nos. 20–21, p. 138 (Jan.-June, 1958).

45 103 Diario Oflcial, No. 20, see. 2, p. 1 (July 23, 1937); 50 Stat., Pt. 2, p. 1333.

46 Constitution, Art. 14, par. 2. Re Vera, Boletín de Información Judicial, Ano IV, No. 35, p. 239 (July 1, 1948); 1948 Annual Digest 328; Re Ramirez, 117 Semanario Judicial de la Federación, Pt. 1, p. 896; 1953 International Law Reports 410 and note thereto. Amparo in such cases secures possession of the property in question but does not decide the issue of title. Ignaeio Burgoa, El Juicio de Amparo 875 (3d ed. rev., 1950).

47 155 Diario Oficial, No. 26, Pt. 2 (March 3, 1946); 59 Stat. 1219.

48 Secretaría de Eelaciones Exteriores, El Tratado de Aguas Internacionales 75, 77–79, 81 (1947). See Martínez Báez, loc. cit. 180, 181.

49 El Tratado de Aguas Internacionales 80.

50 Re Ramírez, 117 Semanario Judicial de la Federación, Pt. 1, p. 896 at p. 897; 1953 International Law Eeports 410.

51 Op. cit. 374.

52 Martínez Báez, loc. cit. 171, 177; Oscar Rabasa, El Derecho Interno y el Derecho Internacional 101 (1933).

53 Re Peyres, 22 Semanario Judicial de la Federación 576 at 579.

54 Re Sábalo Transportation Co. S.A. y coags., 1 Revista Mexicana de Derecho Público, No. 2, p. 235 at p. 236 (Oct.-Dec. 1946); 1946 Annual Digest 108; Diario Oficial, Jan. 28, 1942; March 12, 1942; 55 Stat. 1554.

55 Re Hernández del Valle, 100 Semanario Judicial de la Federación, Pt. 1, p. 890; 1949 Annual Digest 312; Miguel Lanz Duret, Derecho Constitucional Mexicano 262 (4th ed., 1947).

56 Art. 9 (1958 ed.); Lanz Duret, op. cit., p. 262; Rabasa, El Derecho Angloamerieano 543–544.

57 E.g., Luis Nicolin y Martínez del Campo, Las Relaciones entre Derecho Internacional y Derecho Interno 49 (1939).