Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-b95js Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T16:27:35.939Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of First Aid Education on First Aid Knowledge and Skills of Commercial Drivers in South West Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 October 2015

Adesola O. Olumide ,
Michael C. Asuzu  and
Oladele O. Kale
Adesola O. Olumide*
Affiliation:
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Michael C. Asuzu
Affiliation:
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Oladele O. Kale
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
*
Correspondence: Adesola O. Olumide Institute of Child Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan/University College Hospital Ibadan, PMB 5116, Oyo State, Nigeria, 200001 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Prompt prehospital care is essential for improving outcomes of road crash victims; however, this service is sub-optimal in developing countries because Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are not readily available. Training of lay responders in first aid has been suggested as a means of filling this gap in settings with inadequate EMS. This study was conducted to determine the effect of first aid training on the first aid knowledge and skills of commercial drivers.

Methods

A before-and-after study was conducted among 128 commercial drivers (62 intervention and 66 controls) selected by multi-stage sampling. Drivers’ first aid knowledge and skills were assessed at baseline, immediate, and three months post-intervention. The intervention involved a 2-day training session in first aid. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for differences in respondents’ pre- and post-intervention scores over the three assessment points.

Results

Mean first aid knowledge scores for intervention drivers were 48.9% (SD=12.0), 57.8% (SD=11.2), and 59.2% (SD=9.0) at baseline, immediate, and three months post-intervention. Corresponding scores for the controls were 48.3% (SD=12.8), 39.2% (SD=15.3), and 46.8% (SD=15.3). Mean first aid skill scores for intervention drivers were 17.5% (SD=3.8), 80.7% (SD=8.3), and 72.3% (SD=16.8). Scores for control drivers were 16.5% (SD=4.5), 16.3% (SD=4.7), and 20.4% (SD=9.1), respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences in first aid knowledge and skills scores over the three phases. Independent t-test revealed significant differences in scores between the intervention and control groups post-intervention.

Conclusion

The training led to significant improvement in first aid knowledge and skills of intervention drivers. This confirms that lay responders can be trained in provision of first aid. The slight drop in skills scores, which occurred three months post-intervention, highlights the need for periodic refresher trainings to be conducted for the drivers in order to maintain the knowledge and skills acquired.

OlumideAO, AsuzuMC, KaleOO. Effect of First Aid Education on First Aid Knowledge and Skills of Commercial Drivers in South West Nigeria. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(6):579–585.

Keywords

commercial driversfirst aidfirst aid knowledgefirst aid skillsfirst aid training
Type
Original Research
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 30 , Supplement 6 , December 2015 , pp. 579 - 585
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Road Safety: Time for Action. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2009.Google Scholar
2. World Health Organization. World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2004.Google Scholar
3. Jacobs, G, Aeron-Thomas, A, Astrop, A. Estimating Global Road Fatalities. Crowthorne: Transport Research Laboratory; 2000; Contract No.: TRL Report 445.Google Scholar
4. Peden, M, McGee, K, Sharma, G. The Injury Chart Book: A Graphical Overview of the Global Burden of Injuries. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002.Google Scholar
5. World Health Organization. Road Safety in the WHO African Region-The Facts 2013. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013. http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2013/report/factsheet_afro.pdf. Accessed September 14, 2015.Google Scholar
6. World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Road Safety 2013: Supporting a Decade of Action. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013.Google Scholar
7. Haddon, W. Options for the prevention of motor vehicle crash injury. Isr J Med. 1980;16(1):45-68.Google Scholar
8. Baker, SP, O’Neill, B, Karpf, RS. The Injury Fact Book. Massachusetts, USA: Lexington Books; 1984.Google Scholar
9. Hussain, IM, Redmond, AD. Are prehospital deaths from accidental injury preventable? BMJ. 1994;308(6936):1077-1080.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Mock, CN, Nii-Amon-Kotei, D, Maier, RV. Low utilization of formal medical services by injured persons in a developing nation: health service data underestimate the importance of trauma. J Trauma. 1997;42(3):504-513.Google Scholar
11. Mock, CN, Jurkovich, GJ, Nii-Amon-Kotei, DM. Trauma mortality patterns in three nations at different economic levels: implications for global trauma systems development. J Trauma. 1998;44(5):804-814.Google Scholar
12. Nantulya, VM, Reich, MK. The neglected epidemic: road traffic injuries in developing countries. BMJ. 2002;324(7346):1139-1141.Google Scholar
13. Forjuoh, S, Mock, CN, Friedman, D, Quansah, R. Transport of the injured to hospitals in Ghana: the need to strengthen the practice of trauma care. Prehospital Immediate Care. 1999;3:66-70.Google Scholar
14. Ofoegbu, C, Adekanye, A, Abdur-Rahman, L, Udoffa, U, Taiwo, J, Solagberu, B, (eds). Pre-Hospital Transport of Road Traffic Injury Victims in Nigeria. 8th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion: Durban, South Africa; 2006.Google Scholar
15. Mock, C, Tiska, M, Adu-Ampofo, M, Boakye, G. Improvements in prehospital care in an African country with no formal emergency services. J Trauma. 2002;53(1):90-97.Google Scholar
16. Sangowawa, AO, Owoaje, ET. Building capacity of drivers in Nigeria to provide first aid for road crash victims. Inj Prev. 2012;18(1):62-65.Google Scholar
17. Taylor, DW. (unpublished work) The calculation of sample size and power in the planning of experiments, 1983.Google Scholar
18. Fox, N, Hunn, A, Mathers, N. Sampling and Sample Size Calculation. East Midlands/Yorkshire: The National Institutes for Health Research. Research Design Service for the East Midlands/Yorkshire and the Humber; 2009.Google Scholar
19. World Health Organization. Guidelines for Conducting Community Surveys on Injury and Violence. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2004.Google Scholar
20. Campbell, JR, (ed). Basic Trauma Life Support for Paramedics and Other Advanced Providers. 5th edition. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall; 2003.Google Scholar
21. Olugbenga-Bello, AI, Oluwadiya, KS, Bret, AN, Olakulehin, A, Olawale, D, Adewole, OA. First aid knowledge and application among commercial inter-city drivers in Nigeria. African Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2012;2:108-113.Google Scholar
22. Ali, J, Adam, R, Josa, D, et al. Effect of basic Prehospital Trauma Life Support program on cognitive and trauma management skills. World J Surg. 1998;22(12):1192-1196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: File

Olumide supplementary material

Appendix Table 1

Download Olumide supplementary material(File)
File 20.8 KB
Supplementary material: File

Olumide supplementary material

Appendix Table 2

Download Olumide supplementary material(File)
File 14.1 KB