A traffic accident injury is one type of unintentional injury that contributes to the third leading cause of death in Indonesia, according to the WHO 2013 Global Road Safety Report based on Indonesian Police, estimated 37,000-47,000 fatalities annually and 46,000 experiencing severe injuries. The injury surveillance pilot project by the Ministry of the Health Republic of Indonesia in the Fatmawati Hospital Emergency Department is trying to describe the magnitude of injury along with its components and risk factors.

This study aims to determine the risk factors of severe road traffic injury documented by injury surveillance forms in the Fatmawati Hospital Emergency Department from March to July 2016. The research design used was cross-sectional with a number of samples of 600 road traffic injury cases.

The results show risk factors that contributed as predictors for severe road traffic injury are being male, OR 2.03 (95% CI 1.37-3.02); age greater than 30 years old, OR 1.57 (95% CI 1.11 - 2.22); low education (not attending school until high school graduate) with OR 1.59 (95% CI 1.12-2.25); during working days with OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.08 – 2.17), and cyclists with OR 4.84 (95% CI 0.87-29.0).

Based on this research, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia needs to continue advocating the use of injury surveillance forms at hospital emergency departments to provide a complete picture of injury characteristics and risk factors and to educate and develop road traffic injury prevention and risk communication for the community.