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Monitoring of CoS2 reactions using high-temperature XRD coupled with gas chromatography (GC)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2016

Mark A. Rodriguez ,
Eric N. Coker ,
James J. M. Griego ,
Curtis D. Mowry ,
Adam S. Pimentel  and
Travis M. Anderson
Mark A. Rodriguez*
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
Eric N. Coker
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
James J. M. Griego
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
Curtis D. Mowry
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
Adam S. Pimentel
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
Travis M. Anderson
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-1411
*
a) Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

High-temperature X-ray diffraction with concurrent gas chromatography (GC) was used to study cobalt disulfide cathode pellets disassembled from thermal batteries. When CoS2 cathode materials were analyzed in an air environment, oxidation of the K(Br, Cl) salt phase in the cathode led to the formation of K2SO4 that subsequently reacted with the pyrite-type CoS2 phase leading to cathode decomposition between ~260 and 450 °C. Independent thermal analysis experiments, i.e. simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry/mass spectrometry (MS), augmented the diffraction results and support the overall picture of CoS2 decomposition. Both gas analysis measurements (i.e. GC and MS) from the independent experiments confirmed the formation of SO2 off-gas species during breakdown of the CoS2. In contrast, characterization of the same cathode material under inert conditions showed the presence of CoS2 throughout the entire temperature range of analysis.

Keywords

CoS2HTXRD/GCTGA/DSC/MScobalt sulfidethermal batteries
Type
Technical Articles
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 31 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 90 - 96
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Copyright
Copyright © International Centre for Diffraction Data 2016 

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