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Dual detection X-ray fluorescence cryotomography and mapping on the model organism Daphnia magna

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 February 2012

B. De Samber ,
S. Vanblaere ,
R. Evens ,
K. De Schamphelaere ,
G. Wellenreuther ,
F. Ridoutt ,
G. Silversmit ,
T. Schoonjans ,
B. Vekemans  and
B. Masschaele
...Show all authors
B. De Samber*
Affiliation:
X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging (XMI), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
S. Vanblaere
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
R. Evens
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
K. De Schamphelaere
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
G. Wellenreuther
Affiliation:
Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor at DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
F. Ridoutt
Affiliation:
Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor at DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
G. Silversmit
Affiliation:
X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging (XMI), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
T. Schoonjans
Affiliation:
X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging (XMI), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
B. Vekemans
Affiliation:
X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging (XMI), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
B. Masschaele
Affiliation:
Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
L. Van Hoorebeke
Affiliation:
Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
K. Rickers
Affiliation:
Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor at DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
G. Falkenberg
Affiliation:
Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor at DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
C. Janssen
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
L. Vincze
Affiliation:
X-ray Microspectroscopy and Imaging (XMI), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
*
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) is a rapidly evolving analytical technique which allows visualising the trace level metal distributions within a specimen in an essentially nondestructive manner. At second generation synchrotron radiation sources, detection limits at the sub-parts per million level can be obtained with micrometer resolution, while at third generation sources the spatial resolution can be better than 100 nm. Consequently, the analysis of metals within biological systems using micro- and nano-X-ray fluorescence imaging is a quickly developing field of research. Since X-ray fluorescence is a scanning technique, the elemental distribution within the sample should not change during analysis. Biological samples pose challenges in this context due to their high water content. A dehydration procedure is commonly used for sample preparation enabling an analysis of the sample under ambient temperature conditions. Unfortunately, a potential change in elemental redistribution during the sample preparation is difficult to verify experimentally and therefore cannot be excluded completely. Creating a cryogenic sample environment allowing an analysis of the sample under cryogenic condition is an attractive alternative but not available on a routine basis. In this article, we make a comparison between the elemental distributions obtained by micro-SR-XRF within a chemically fixed and a cryogenically frozen Daphnia magna, a model organism to study the environmental impact of metals. In what follows, we explore the potential of a dual detector setup for investigating a full ecotoxicological experiment. Next to conventional 2D analysis, dual detector X-ray fluorescence cryotomography is illustrated and the potential of its coupling with laboratory absorption micro-CT for investigating the tissue-specific elemental distributions within this model organism is highlighted.

Keywords

micro-XRFcryostreamecotoxicologysample preparation
Type
Technical Articles
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 25 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 169 - 174
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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