Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T16:58:08.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Determination of amorphous phase levels in Portland cement clinker

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2012

Phe Man Suherman ,
Arie van Riessen ,
Brian O’Connor ,
Deyu Li ,
Dick Bolton  and
Hans Fairhurst
Phe Man Suherman
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
Arie van Riessen*
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
Brian O’Connor
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
Deyu Li
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
Dick Bolton
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
Hans Fairhurst
Affiliation:
Materials Research Group, Department of Applied Physics, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845 Western Australia
*
b)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The existence of glass or amorphous component in Portland cement clinker has been questioned for a long time. However, besides the crystalline phases, there are reports in the literature of noncrystalline material in cement clinker, which is considered to be the residue of the melt that has failed to crystallize. Absolute phase abundances were determined in this study by Rietveld refinements with laboratory X-ray data, using both internal and external phase composition standards. The results clearly demonstrate the existence of an amorphous component in Portland cement clinker. The presence of an amorphous component was also apparent from diffraction data for clinker from which the silicate phases had been chemically removed, using both laboratory X-ray and synchrotron radiation patterns.

Keywords

quantitative XRDPortland cementamorphous phaseRietveld analysis
Type
Technical Articles
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 178 - 185
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aldridge, L. P. (1982a). “Accuracy and precision of phase analysis in Portland cement by Bogue, microscopic, and X-ray diffraction methods,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 12, 381–398. ccn, CCNRAI CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldridge, L. P. (1982b). “Accuracy and precision of an X-ray diffraction method for analysing Portland cements,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 12, 437–446. ccn, CCNRAI CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, T.and Khan, A. A. (1970). Chem. Eng. CMERA9 238, CE108–112. chc, CMERA9 Google Scholar
Barnes, P. and Ghose, A. (1983). “The microscopy of unhydrated Portland cement,” in Structure and Performance of Cements, edited by P. Barnes (Applied Science, England), Chap. 4.Google Scholar
Bish, D. L.and Howard, S. A. (1988). “Quantitative phase analysis using the Rietveld method,” J. Appl. Crystallogr. JACGAR 21, 86–91. acr, JACGAR CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copeland, L. E.and Robert, H. B. (1958). “Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis,” Anal. Chem. ANCHAM 30, 196–201. anc, ANCHAM CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glasser, F. P., Han, K. S., and Gard, J. A. (1980). “Studies of the crystallisation of the liquid phase in Portland cement clinker,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 10, 443–448. ccn, CCNRAI Google Scholar
Hill, R. J.and Howard, C. J. (1987). “Quantitative phase analysis from Neutron powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method,” J. Appl. Crystallogr. JACGAR 20, 467–474. acr, JACGAR CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, B., O’Connor, B. H., and Li, D. (1990). “Use of Rietveld pattern fitting to determine the weight fraction of crystalline material in natural low-quartz specimens,” Powder Diffr. PODIE2 5, 64–69. pdj, PODIE2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kristmann, M. (1977a). “Portland cement clinker: Mineralogical and chemical investigations. Part I. Microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 7, 649–658. ccn, CCNRAI CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kristmann, M. (1977b). “Portland cement clinker: Mineralogical and chemical investigations. Part II. Microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 8, 93–103. ccn, CCNRAI CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labahn, O. and Kohlhass, B. (1983). Cement Engineers’ Handbook, 4th ed. (Bauverlag GMBH, Berlin).Google Scholar
Lebiedzik, J. Jana and Gouda, G. R. (1981). “Clinker analysis by automated SEM,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cement Microscopy, 1981, Houston, Texas, p. 154.Google Scholar
Maki, I. (1982). “Mechanism of glass formation in Portland cement,” Cem. Concr. Res. CCNRAI 4, 757–763. ccn, CCNRAI Google Scholar
Meyer, H. W., Neubauer, J., and Malovrh, S. (1998). “New quality control with standardless clinker phase determination using the Rietveld refinement,” Z. Kinderchir Grenzgeb ZZZZZZ 51, 152–162. 7xr, ZZZZZZ Google Scholar
Nurse, R. W. (1968). Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Chemistry of Cement, Tokyo (Cement Association of Japan, Tokyo), Part I, p. 77.Google Scholar
O’Connor, B. H.and Raven, M. D. (1988). “Application of the Rietveld refinement procedure in assaying powdered mixtures,” Powder Diffr. PODIE2 3, 2–6. pdj, PODIE2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pratapa, S., O’Connor, B. H., and Low, I-M. (1998). “Use of Compton scattering measurement for attenuation corrections in Rietveld phase analysis with an external standard,” Powder Diffr. PODIE2 13, 166–170. pdj, PODIE2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Struble, L. J. (1991). “Quantitative phase analysis of clinker using X-ray diffraction,” Cem. Concr. Compos. CCOCEG 13, 97–102. 9kx, CCOCEG Google Scholar
Taylor, H. F. W. (1990). Cement Chemistry (Academic, London).Google Scholar
Taylor, J. C.and Aldridge, L. P. (1993). “Full-profile Rietveld quantitative XRD analysis of Portland cement: Standard XRD profiles for the major phase tricalcium silicate (C3S:3CaO.SiO2),” Powder Diffr. PODIE2 8, 138–144. pdj, PODIE2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar