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Women Get the Job Done: Differences in Constituent Communication from Female and Male Lawmakers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2023

Nichole M. Bauer Open the ORCID record for Nichole M. Bauer [Opens in a new window]  and
Ivy A. M. Cargile Open the ORCID record for Ivy A. M. Cargile [Opens in a new window]
Nichole M. Bauer*
Affiliation:
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Ivy A. M. Cargile
Affiliation:
California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
*
Corresponding author: Nichole M. Bauer; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This article advances and tests an original theory of a “feminine homestyle” to explain how female legislators develop relationships with constituents that both mitigate the potential for gendered biases and fulfill the communal goals that motivate women to run for political office. We use an original audit study that tests legislator responsiveness to direct email communication. We show that female lawmakers are more responsive to constituent communication and more likely to display compassion and empathy in responses compared with male legislators; but we also find important differences in women’s responsiveness across the race and ethnicity. Further, we find that responsive female lawmakers can change the behaviors of their male counterparts by creating stronger norms of responsiveness within legislative institutions. Our findings have important downstream implications for democratic accountability among voters and illustrate how female lawmakers substantively represent through direct communication with constituents.

Keywords

Gender and politicsrepresentationpolitical communicationintersectionality
Type
Research Article
Information
Politics & Gender , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2023 , pp. 1110 - 1133
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Women, Gender, and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association

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