Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T05:23:09.541Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Group Politics Redux: Race and Gender in the 2008 Democratic Presidential Primaries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2009

Leonie Huddy
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Tony E. Carey Jr.
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University

Extract

The earliest political behavior researchers documented the powerful effects of group attachments and other socioeconomic factors on vote choice and partisan identification in the 1940s and 1950s (Berelson, Lazarsfeld, and McPhee 1954; Campbell et al. 1960). Yet, research interest in the group-based origins of political behavior has waxed and waned in the intervening decades (Huddy 2003). The existence of both an African-American and female frontrunner for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2008 provides an opportunity to consider the contemporary electoral consequences of in-group loyalties and out-group antipathies. We take advantage of select survey and poll data collected during the 2008 Democratic primaries to evaluate the power of gender and race as both positive and negative influences on voter calculus in an election in which the two major candidates were differentiated less by their issue positions and beliefs than by their skin color and gender.

Type
Critical Perspectives on Gender and Politics
Copyright
Copyright © The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Becker, John F., and Heaton, Eugene E. Jr. 1967. “The Election of Senator Edward W. Brooke.” Public Opinion Quarterly 31 (3): 346–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berelson, Bernard R., Lazarsfeld, Paul F., and McPhee, William N.. 1954. Voting: A Study of Opinion Formation in a Presidential Campaign. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Converse, Philip E., Miller, Warren E., and Stokes, Donald E.. 1960. The American Voter. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Citrin, Jack, Green, Donald P., and Sears, David O.. 1990. “White Reactions to Black Candidates: When Does Race Matter?Public Opinion Quarterly 54 (1): 7496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, Michael. 1994. Behind the Mule: Race and Class in African American Politics Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Dolan, Kathleen. 1998. “Voting for Women in the ‘Year of the Woman.’American Journal of Political Science 42 (1): 272–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dolan, Kathleen. 2008. “Is There a ‘Gender Affinity Effect’ in American Politics?: Information, Affect, and Candidate Sex in U.S. House Elections.” Political Research Quarterly 61 (1): 7989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huddy, Leonie. 2003. “Group Identity and Political Cohesion.” In Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, ed. Sears, David O., Huddy, Leonie, and Jervis, Robert. New York: Oxford University Press, 511–58.Google Scholar
Huddy, Leonie, Cassese, Erin, and Lizotte, Mary-Kate. 2008a. “Gender, Public Opinion, and Political Reasoning.” In Political Women and American Democracy, ed. Wolbrecht, Christina, Beckwith, Karen, and Baldez, Lisa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Huddy, Leonie, Cassese, Erin, and Lizotte, Mary-Kate. 2008b. “Sources of Political Unity and Disunity among Women: Placing the Gender Gap in Perspective.” In Voting The Gender Gap, ed. Whittaker, Lois Duke. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Huddy, Leonie, Neely, Francis, and Lafay, Marilyn. 2000. “The Polls—Trends: Support for the Women's Movement. Public Opinion Quarterly 64 (3): 309–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinder, Donald R., and McConnaughy, Corrine M.. 2006. “Military Triumph, Racial Transcendence, and Colin Powell.” Public Opinion Quarterly 70 (2): 139–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinder, Donald R., and Sears, David O.. 1981. “Prejudice and Politics: Symbolic Racism versus Racial Threats to the Good Life.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40 (3): 414–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinder, Donald R., and Winter, Nicholas. 2001. “Exploring the Racial Divide: Whites, Blacks, and Opinion on National Policy.” American Journal of Political Science 45 (2): 439–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, Jeffrey W. 2002. “Gender Stereotypes and Citizens' Impressions of House Candidates' Ideological Orientations.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (2): 453–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuklinski, James H., and Hurley, Norman L.. 1994. “On Hearing and Interpreting Political Messages: A Cautionary Tale of Citizen Cue-TakingJournal of Politics 56 (3): 729–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDermott, Monika L. 1997. “Race and Gender Cues in Low-Information Elections.” Political Research Quarterly 51 (4): 895918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paolino, Philip O. 1995. “Group Salient Issues and Group Representation: Support for Women Candidates in the 1992 Senate Elections.” American Journal of Political Science 39 (2): 294313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philpot, Tasha S., and Walton, Hanes. 2007. “One of Our Own: Black Female Candidates and the Voters Who Support Them.” American Journal of Political Science. 51 (1): 4962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reese, Laura A., and Brown, Ronald E.. 1995. “The Effects of Religious Messages on Racial Identity and System Blame Among African Americans. Journal of Politics 57 (1): 2443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reeves, Keith. 1997. Voting Hopes or Fears: White Voters, Black Candidates, and Racial Politics in America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanbonmatsu, Kira. 2002. “Gender Stereotypes and Vote Choice.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (1): 2034.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sears, D. O., Citrin, J., and Kosterman, R.. 1987. “Jesse Jackson and the Southern White Electorate in 1984.” In Blacks in Southern Politics, ed. Moreland, L. W., Steed, R. P., and Baker, T. A.. New York: Praeger, 209–25.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Robert, and Majahan, Harpreet. 1986. “Gender Differences in Policy Preferences: A Summary of Trends from the 1960s to the 1980s.” Public Opinion Quarterly 50 (1): 4261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sigelman, Carol K., Sigelman, Lee, Walkosz, Barbara J., and Nitz, Michael. 1995. “Black Candidates, White Voters: Understanding Racial Bias in Political Perceptions.” American Journal of Political Science 39 (1): 243–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sigelman, Lee, and Welch, Susan. 1984. “Race, Gender, and Opinion Toward Black and Female Presidential Candidates.” Public Opinion Quarterly 48 (Summer): 467–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tate, Katherine. 1994. From Protest to Politics: The New Black Voters in American Elections. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Terkildsen, Nayda. 1993. “When White Voters Evaluate Black Candidates: The Processing Implications of Candidate Skin Color, Prejudice, and Self-Monitoring.” American Journal of Political Science 37 (4): 1032–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar