Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T01:29:13.820Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Gender Gaps in Identity and Political Attitudes among American Indians

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Rebekah Herrick
Rebekah Herrick*
Affiliation:
Oklahoma State University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

While there is much research examining gender gaps in political attitudes, there is less examining how gender gaps differ within social groups. This article helps fill that void by examining gender gaps among American Indians. Using two surveys, the initial findings suggest that among American Indians, women have a stronger American Indian identity, are more likely to support women's/compassion issues, and are more likely to be Democrats. It further finds that the gender gap in party is more likely the result of the gender gap in compassion issues than in American Indian identity. Additional analysis finds that among American Indians who prioritize their American Indian identity, the partisan gender gap is reversed, with men being significantly more likely to be Democrats. Although this study finds some similarities between the gaps among American Indians and whites, it also finds some unique gaps among American Indians. This suggests the need to look at the intersectionality of gender and social groups to fully understand the gender gaps.

Type
Research Article
Information
Politics & Gender , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , June 2018 , pp. 186 - 207
Copyright
Copyright © The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ansolabehere, Stephen, and Schaffner, Brian F.. 2014. “Does Survey Mode Still Matter? Findings from a 2010 Multi-Mode Comparison.” Political Analysis 22 (3): 285–303.Google Scholar
Barker, Joanne. 2008. “Gender, Sovereignty, Rights: Native Women's Activism against Social Inequality and Violence in Canada.” American Quarterly 60 (2): 259–66.Google Scholar
Barker, Joanne. 2011. Native Acts: Law, Recognition and Cultural Authenticity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Bedolla, Lisa Garcia, Jessica L., Monforti, and Pantoja, Adrian D.. 2006. “A Second Look: Is There a Latina/o Gender Gap?” Journal of Women, Politics & Policy 28 (3/4) 147–71.Google Scholar
Bejarano, Christina E. 2014. “Latino Gender and Generation Gaps in Political Ideology.” Politics & Gender 10 (1): 62–88.Google Scholar
Bejarano, Christina E., Manzano, Sylvia, and Montoya, Celest. 2011. “Tracking the Latino Gender Gap: Gender Attitudes across Sex, Borders, and Generations.” Politics & Gender 7 (4): 521–49.Google Scholar
Bonvillian, Nancy. 1989. “Gender Relations in Native North America.” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 13 (2): 1–28.Google Scholar
Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M., Boef, Suzanna De, and Lin, Tse-min. 2004. “The Dynamics of the Partisan Gender Gap.” American Political Science Review 98 (3): 515–28.Google Scholar
Carmines, Edward G., and Stimson, James A.. 1989. Issue Evolution: Race and the Transformation of American Politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Chaney, Carole Kennedy, Alvarez, R. Michael, and Nagler, Jonathan. 1998. “Explaining the Gender Gap in U.S. Presidential Elections, 1980–1992.” Political Research Quarterly 51 (2): 311–39.Google Scholar
Chiste, Katherine Beaty. 1994. “Aboriginal Women and Self-Government: Challenging Leviathan.” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 18 (3): 19–43.Google Scholar
Conner, Thaddeus W. 2014. “Exploring Voting Behavior on American Indian Legislation in the United States Congress.” Social Science Journal 51 (2): 159–66.Google Scholar
Conover, Pamela Johnston. 1988. “Feminists and the Gender Gap.” Journal of Politics 50 (4): 985–1010.Google Scholar
Denetdale, Jennifer Nez. 2014. “‘I'm Not Running on My Gender’: The 2010 Navajo Nation Presidential Race, Gender and the Politics of Tradition.” In Formations of United States Colonialism, ed. Goldstein, Alyosha. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 324–44.Google Scholar
Green, Donald, Palmquist, Bradley, and Schickler, Eric. 2002. Partisan Hearts and Minds: Political Parties and the Social Identity of Voters. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Harell, Allison, and Panagos, Dimitrios. 2013. “Locating the Aboriginal Gender Gap: The Political Attitudes and Participation of Aboriginal Women in Canada.” Politics & Gender 9 (4): 414–38.Google Scholar
Hatemi, Peter K., Medland, Sarah E., and Eaves, Lindon J.. 2009. “Do Genes Contribute to the ‘Gender Gap’?” Journal of Politics 71 (1): 262–76.Google Scholar
Herrick, Rebekah, Mendez, Jeanette Morehouse, Davis, Jim, and Pryor, Ben. 2016. “Opt-In Internet Surveys with Minority Populations.” Midwest Political Science Association Annual Meeting.Google Scholar
Jervis, Lori, Beals, Janette, Croy, Calvin D., Klein, Suzell A., and Manson, Spero M.. 2006. “Historical Consciousness among Two American Indian Tribes.” American Behavioral Scientist 50 (4): 526–49.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, Karen M., and Petrocik, John R.. 1999. “The Changing Politics of American Men: Understanding the Sources of the Gender Gap.” American Journal of Political Science 43 (3): 864–87.Google Scholar
LaFromboise, Teresa D., Hyley, Anneliese M., and Ozer, Emily J.. 1990. “Changing and Diverse Roles of Women in American Indian Culture.” Sex Roles 22 (7/8): 455–76.Google Scholar
Leal, David L. 2003. “The Multicultural Military: Military Service and Acculturation of Latinos and Anglos.” Armed Forces & Society 29 (2): 205–26.Google Scholar
Liebler, Carolyn A. 2010. “Homelands and Indigenous Identities in a Multiracial Era.” Social Science Research 39 (4): 596–609.Google Scholar
Liebler, Carolyn A., Bhaskar, Renuka, and Porter, Sonya R.. 2016. “Joining, Leaving, and Staying in the American Indian/Alaska Native Race Category between 2000 and 2010.” Demography 53 (2): 507–40.Google Scholar
Lien, Pei-Te. 1998. “Does the Gender Gap in Political Attitudes and Behavior Vary across Racial Groups?” Political Research Quarterly 51 (4): 869–94.Google Scholar
Mangum, Maurice. 2013. “The Racial Underpinnings of Party Identification and Political Ideology.” Social Science Quarterly 94 (5): 1222–44.Google Scholar
Manza, Jeff, and Brooks, Clem. 1998. “The Gender Gap in U.S. Presidential Elections: When? Why? Implications?” American Journal of Sociology 103 (5): 1235–66.Google Scholar
Markstrom, Carol. 2011. “Identity Formation of American Indian Adolescents: Local, National, and Global Considerations.” Journal of Research on Adolescence 21 (2): 519–35.Google Scholar
McClain, Paula D., and Stewart, Joseph Jr. 2014. “Can We All Get Along?” Racial and Ethnic Minorities in American Politics. 6th ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
McCool, Daniel. 1982. “Voting Patterns of American Indians in Arizona.” Social Science Journal 19 (3): 101–13.Google Scholar
McCoy, Melanie. 1992. “Gender or Ethnicity: What Makes a Difference? A Study of Women Tribal Leaders.” Women & Politics 12 (1): 57–68.Google Scholar
Min, Joenghun, and Savage, Daniel. 2012. “The Influence of Socio-Economic Characteristics on the Political Attitudes of American Indians.” Social Science Journal 49 (4): 494–502.Google Scholar
Min, Joenghun, and Savage, Daniel. 2014. “Why Do American Indians Vote Democratic?” Social Science Journal 51 (2): 167–80.Google Scholar
Montoya, Lisa J. 1996. “Latino Gender Differences in Public Opinion: Results from the Latino National Political Survey.” Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 18 (2): 255–76.Google Scholar
Norrander, Barbara. 1999. “The Evolution of the Gender Gap.” Public Opinion Quarterly 63 (4): 566–76.Google Scholar
Norrander, Barbara. 2008. “The History of the Gender Gaps.” In Voting the Gender Gap, ed. Whitaker, Lois Duke. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 9–32.Google Scholar
Phinney, Jean S. 1992. “The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A New Scale for Use with Diverse Groups.” Journal of Adolescent Research 7 (2): 156–76.Google Scholar
Prindeville, Diane-Michele. 2000. “Promoting a Feminist Policy Agenda: Indigenous Women Leaders and Closet Feminists.” Journal of Social Science 37 (4): 637–45.Google Scholar
Prindeville, Diane-Michele. 2004. “Feminist Nations? A Study of Native American Women in Southwestern Tribal Politics.” Political Research Quarterly 57 (1): 101–12.Google Scholar
Prindeville, Diane-Michele, and Gomez, Teresa B.. 1999. “American Indian Women Leaders, Public Policy, and the Importance of Gender and Ethnic Identity.” Women & Politics 20 (2): 17–32.Google Scholar
Ritt, Leonard G. 1979. “Some Social and Political Views of American Indians.” Ethnicity 6 (1): 45–72.Google Scholar
Schaffner, Brian, and Ansolabehere, Stephen. 2015. “CCES Common Content, 2014.” doi:10.7910/DVN/XFXJVY, Harvard Dataverse, V2.Google Scholar
Schildkraut, Deborah. 2013. “Which Birds of Feather Flock Together? Assessing Attitudes about Descriptive Representation Among Latinos and Asian Americans.” American Politics Research 41 (4): 699–729.Google Scholar
Simien, Evelyn M. 2005. “Race, Gender, and Linked Fate.” Journal of Black Studies 35 (5): 529–50.Google Scholar
Simien, Evelyn M., and Clawson, Rosalee A. 2004. “The Intersection of Race and Gender: An Examination of Black Feminist Consciousness, Race Consciousness, and Policy Attitudes.” Social Science Quarterly 85 (3): 793–810.Google Scholar
Stokes-Brown, Atiya Kai. 2006. “Racial Identity and Latino Vote Choice.” American Politics Research 34 (5): 627–52.Google Scholar
Strum, Circe. 2010. Becoming Indian: The Struggle over Cherokee Identity in the Twenty-First Century. Santa Fe, NM: School for Advanced Research Press.Google Scholar
Stryker, Sheldon, and Burke, Peter J.. 2000. “The Past, Present, and Future of Identity Theory.” Social Psychology Quarterly 63 (4): 284–97.Google Scholar
Stubben, Jerry D. 2006. Native Americans and Political Participation: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.Google Scholar
Turner, Charles C. 2005. The Politics of Minor Concerns: American Indian Policy and Congressional Dynamics. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Tyler, S. Lyman. 1964. Indian Affairs: A Study of the changes in Policy of the United States toward Indians. Provo, UT: Institute of American Indian Studies, Brigham Young University.Google Scholar
Welch, Susan. 1977. “Women as Political Animals? A Test of Some Explanations for Male-Female Political Participation Differences.” American Journal of Political Science 21 (4): 711–30.Google Scholar
Welch, Susan, and Sigelman, Lee. 1992. “A Gender Gap among Hispanics? A Comparison with Blacks and Anglos.” Western Political Quarterly 45 (1): 181–99.Google Scholar
Wilkins, David E., and Stark, Heidi K.. 2011. American Indian Politics and the American Political System. 3rd ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Winter, Nicholas. 2010. “Masculine Republicans and Feminine Democrats: Gender and Americans’ Explicit and Implicit Images of the Political Parties.” Political Behavior 32 (4): 587–618.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Herrick supplementary material 1

Online Appendix

Download Herrick supplementary material 1(File)
File 17.6 KB