Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T05:48:47.298Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Improving Undergraduate Lectures: The Sender, the Message, and the Receiver

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2015

Thaddeus C. Zolty*
Affiliation:
Central Michigan University

Extract

Many negative comments have been made about lecturing. One suggests that this methodology “violates the belief that learning results on the part of the students” (Adler, 1984). Another author suggests egotistical reasons for lecturing: “when we professors get into a classroom, we profess” (Balliet, 1970). One widely published writer blames both administrative policies and faculty preference: Lecturing has “continued due to cost-conscious administrators whose major interest is the logistical efficiency of the large lecture…” (Erickson, 1970) and many professors use lectures as a “security blanket without which they would neither feel like teachers nor be recognized by their students” (Erickson, 1970). The traditional lecture has faced stiff competition from other teaching methods: coaching, Socratic questioning, simulations, collaborative education contracts, role playing, self-instruction, the case method, and personalized systems of instruction.

Despite the challenges of innovative teaching methods, lecturing persists. Wagner Thielens (1987) in a random study of half of American universities found that 81 percent of social scientists lectured. This confirms an earlier study which found that “the dominant mode of instruction remains the lecture…” (Eble, 1972). Thus, lecturing persists because of the power of tradition, the structure of the classroom, the textbooks, and the subject/discipline orientation of higher education.

The truth of the matter is that lecturing, when done well, is effective, for “a skillful lecturer can gain as favorable a response as a seminar leader” (Eble, 1972). Lecturing is an efficient method of imparting information, analysis, and explanation of complex questions and concepts, and thus is an effective medium for introductory classes. Further, good lectures can update texts, synthesize tomes, provide structure, and pique students' interests.

Type
For the Classroom
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adler, Mortimer J. 1984. The Paideia Program. New York: MacMillan.Google Scholar
Balliet, Conrad. 1970. “Impressions of Changes.” Unpublished Manuscript (Springfield, Ohio: Wittenberg University) in Eble, Kenneth (1972), Professors As Teachers. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Boulding, Kenneth E. 1970. “The Task of the Teacher in Social Sciences” in Morris, William H. (Ed.) 1970. Research Notes on Effective College Teaching. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education.Google Scholar
Dubin, and Taveggia, . 1968. The Teaching Learning Paradox. Eugene, Oregon: Center for the Advanced Study of Educational Administration, University of Oregon.Google Scholar
Erickson, Stanford C. 1970. “Earning and Learning by the Hour.” In Morris, William H. (Ed.), Research Notes on Effective College Teaching Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education.Google Scholar
McKeachie, Wilbert J. 1976. Teaching Tips: A Guide for the beginning Teacher. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, in William H. Morris (Ed.) 1970. Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education.Google Scholar
Menges, Robert J. and Mathis, B. Claude. 1988. Key Resources on Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Weimer, Maryellen, Parrett, Joan L., and Kerns, Mary-Margaret. 1988. How Am I Teaching? Madison, Wis.: Magna Publications.Google Scholar
Thielens, Wagner. 1987. “The Disciplines and Undergraduate Lecturing.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Washington, D.C. In Joseph Katz and Mildred Henry. 1988. Turning Professors into Teachers. New York: American Council on Education and MacMillan Publishing Company.Google Scholar