Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T11:16:58.420Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Life of Brian Revisited: Assessing Informational and Non-Informational Leadership Tools*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2013

Alexander Baturo
Affiliation:
School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, Ireland
Slava Mikhaylov
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, University College London, United Kingdom

Abstract

Recent literature models leadership as a process of communication in which leaders’ rhetorical signals facilitate followers’ co-ordination. While some studies have explored the effects of leadership in experimental settings, there remains a lack of empirical research on the effectiveness of informational tools in real political environments. Using quantitative text analysis of federal and sub-national legislative addresses in Russia, this article empirically demonstrates that followers react to informational signals from leaders. It further theorizes that leaders use a combination of informational and non-informational tools to solve the co-ordination problem. The findings show that a mixture of informational and non-informational tools shapes followers’ strategic calculi. Ignoring non-informational tools—and particularly the interrelationship between informational and non-informational tools—can threaten the internal validity of causal inference in the analysis of leadership effects on co-ordination.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The European Political Science Association 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Alexander Baturo is Lecturer in International Relations, School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland ([email protected]). Slava Mikhaylov is Lecturer in Research Methods, Department of Political Science, University College London, The Rubin Building, 29/30 Tavistock Square, London WC1 H 9QU, United Kingdom ([email protected]). We would like to thank Jeffrey Kucik, Francesco Cavatorta, Iain McMenamin, David Doyle, Dinissa Duvanova and participants of the UCL Political Science Departmental Seminar Series for invaluable comments at various stages of this project. An online appendix is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2013.3.

References

Abrevaya, JasonHausman, Jerry. 2004. ‘Response error in a transformation model with an application to earnings equation estimation’. Econometrics Journal 7:366388.Google Scholar
Ahlquist, JohnLevi, Margaret. 2011. ‘Leadership: What It Means, What It Does, and What We Want to Know About It’. Annual Review of Political Science 14:124.Google Scholar
Arriola, Leonardo. 2009. ‘Patronage and Political Stability in Africa’. Comparative Political Studies 42(10):13391362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bass, Bernard M.Stogdill, Ralph M.. 1990. Bass & Stogdill's Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, and Managerial Applications, 3rd edition. Free Press: New York.Google Scholar
Baturo, Alexander, Mikhaylov., Slava 2012. Reading the Tea Leaves: Medvedev's Presidency Through The Political Rhetoric of Federal and Sub-national Actors. Paper presented at TCD Political Science Seminar Series, Dublin, 12 October.Google Scholar
Baturo, Alexander. forthcoming. Democracy, Dictatorship, and Term Limits, Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan University Press.Google Scholar
Benoit, KennethLaver, Michael. 2008. ‘Compared to What? A Comment on “A Robust Transformation Procedure for Interpreting Political Text” by Martin and Vanberg’. Political Analysis 16:101111.Google Scholar
Bolton, PatrickBrunnermeier, Markus. 2010. ‘Economists’ Perspectives on Leadership’. In Handbook of Leadership Theory and Practice, edited by Nitin Nohria and Raksesh Khurana, 239264. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
Bolton, Patrick, Brunnermeier, MarkusVeldkamp, Laura. 2013. ‘Leadership, Coordination and Corporate Culture’. Review of Economic Studies forthcoming.Google Scholar
Breslauer, George. 1982. ‘Khrushchev and Brezhnev as Leaders: Building Authority in Soviet Politics’. New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, Smith, Alastair, Siverson, RandolphMorrow, James. 2003. The Logic of Political Survival. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Burnkrant, Robert. 1976. ‘A Motivational Model of Information Processing Intensity’. Journal of Consumer Research 3(1):2130.Google Scholar
Canes-Wrone, Brandice. 2001. ‘The President's Legislative Influence from Public Appeal’. American Journal of Political Science 45:313329.Google Scholar
Carroll, Raymond, Ruppert, David, Stefanski, Leonard A.Crainiceanu, Ciprian M.. 2006. Measurement Error in Non-linear Models: A Modern Perspective. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
Celsi, RichardOlson, Jerry. 1988. ‘The Role of Involvement in Attention and Comprehension Processes’. Journal of Consumer Research 15(2):210224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, GaryMcCubbins, Mathew. 1993. Legislative Leviathan: Party Government in the House. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Dewan, TorunMyatt, David. 2007. ‘Leading the Party: Coordination, Direction and Communication’. American Political Science Review 101(4):825843.Google Scholar
Dewan, TorunMyatt, David. 2008. ‘The Qualities of Leadership: Direction, Communication, and Obfuscation’. American Political Science Review 102(3):351368.Google Scholar
Dewan, TorunMyatt, David. 2012. ‘On the Rhetorical Strategies of Leaders: Speaking Clearly, Standing Back, and Stepping Down’. Journal of Theoretical Politics 24(4):431460.Google Scholar
Dickson, Eric. forthcoming. ‘Leadership, Followership, and Beliefs about the World: an Experiment’. British Journal of Political Science.Google Scholar
Easter, Gerald. 2000. Reconstructing the State: Personal Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Edwards, George. 2003. On Deaf Ears: The Limits of the Bully Pulpit. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Fraser, ScottLord, Robert. 1988. ‘Stimulus Prototypicality and General Leadership Impressions: Their Role in Leadership and Behavioral Ratings’. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied 122(3):291303.Google Scholar
Garner, Wendell R.Felfoldy, Gary. 1970. ‘Integrality of Stimulus Dimensions in Various Types of Information Processing’. Cognitive Psychology 1:225241.Google Scholar
Golosov, Grigorii. 2011. ‘Regional Roots of Electoral Authoritarianism in Russia’. Europe-Asia Studies 63(4):623639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grimmer, JustinStewart, Brandon. 2013. ‘Text as Data: The Promise and Pitfalls of Automatic Content Analysis Methods for Political Texts’. Political Analysis forthcoming.Google Scholar
Hermalin, Benjamin. 1998. ‘Toward an Economic Theory of Leadership’. American Economic Review 88(5):11881206.Google Scholar
Hermalin, Benjamin. 2007. ‘Leading for the Long Term’. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 62(1):119.Google Scholar
Herzog, AlexanderMikhaylov, Slava. 2010. ‘Estimating Government Discretion in Fiscal Policy Making’. Institute for International Integration Studies Discussion Paper 339.Google Scholar
Hopkins, DanielKing, Gary. 2010. ‘A Method of Automated Nonparametric Content Analysis for Social Science’. American Journal of Political Science 54(1):229247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, Macartan, Masters, WilliamSandbu, Martin. 2006. ‘The Role of Leaders in Democratic Deliberations Results from a Field Experiment in Sao Tome and Principe’. World Politics 58(4):583622.Google Scholar
International Energy Agency. 2011. World Energy Outlook 2011.Google Scholar
Kolesnikov, Andrei. 2008. Razdvoenie VVP: Kak Putin Medvedeva Vybral. [Splitting VVP: How Putin Chose Medvedev] Moscow: Biblioteka Kommersant.Google Scholar
Kostenko, Natalia, Glinkin, MaximNikol'sky, Alexey. 2009. ‘The Authority Spoke in Two’. Vedomosti 82(2352):1.Google Scholar
Kostenko, Natalia, Taratuta, YuliaGlinkin, Maxim. 2011. ‘Putin Again’. Vedomosti 180(2946):1.Google Scholar
Laver, Michael, Benoit, KennethGarry, John. 2003. ‘Extracting Policy Positions from Political Texts Using Words as Data’. American Political Science Review 97:311331.Google Scholar
Le Roux, BrigitteRouanet, Henry. 2004. Geometric Data Analysis: From Correspondence Analysis to Structured Data Analysis. Berlin: Springer.Google Scholar
Levati, Vittoria, Sutter, MatthiasVan Der Heijden, Eline. 2007. ‘Leading by Example in a Public Goods Experiment with Heterogeneity and Incomplete Information’. Journal of Conflict Resolution 51(5):793818.Google Scholar
Levi, Margaret. 2006. ‘Why We Need a New Theory of Government’. Perspectives on Politics 4(1):519.Google Scholar
Lord, Robert, Foti, RoseanneDe Vader, Christy. 1984. ‘A Test of Leadership Categorization Theory: Internal Structure, Information Processing, and Leadership Perceptions’. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 34:343378.Google Scholar
Lowe, William. 2008. ‘Understanding Wordscores’. Political Analysis 16(4):356371.Google Scholar
Lowe, WilliamBenoit, Kenneth. 2013. ‘Validating Estimates of Latent Traits From Textual Data Using Human Judgment as a Benchmark’. Political Analysis forthcoming.Google Scholar
Lowenthal, Richard. 1974. ‘On “Established” Communist Party Regimes’. Studies in Comparative Communism 7(4):335358.Google Scholar
Majumdar, Sumon, Mukand, Sharun. 2010. ‘The Leader as Catalyst: on Mass Movements and the Mechanics of Institutional Change’. Working Paper, University of Warwick.Google Scholar
Parfenov, Leonid. 2012. Interview with Alexei Kudrin. Kommersant, 22 January, available at http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1856438.Google Scholar
Proksch, Sven-OliverSlapin, Jonathan B.. 2009. ‘How to Avoid Pitfalls in Statistical Analysis of Political Texts: The Case of Germany’. German Politics 18(3):323344.Google Scholar
Remington, ThomasReuter, John Ora. 2009. ‘Dominant Party Regimes and the Commitment Problem: the Case of United Russia’. Comparative Political Studies 42:501526.Google Scholar
Riker, William. 1996. The Strategy of Rhetoric: Campaigning for the American Constitution. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Sakwa, Richard. 2010. The Crisis of Russian Democracy: The Dual State, Factionalism and the Medvedev Succession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sarter, Martin, Gehring, WilliamKozak, Rouba. 2006. ‘More Attention Must be Paid: The Neurobiology of Attentional Effort’. Brain Research Reviews 51:145160.Google Scholar
Shevtsova, Liliya, Kramer, David. 2012. Medvedev the Phony. Foreign Policy [online edition], available at http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/05/07/medvedev_the_phony.Google Scholar
Skinner, Kiron, Kudelia, Serhiy, Bueno de Mesquita, BruceRice, Condoleezza. 2007. The Strategy of Campaigning: Lessons from Ronald Reagan and Boris Yeltsin. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Slapin, JonathanProksch, Sven-Oliver. 2008. ‘A Scaling Model for Estimating Time-Series Party Positions from Texts’. American Journal of Political Science 52(3):705722.Google Scholar
Spirling, Arthur. 2012. ‘US Treaty Making with American Indians: Institutional Change and Relative Power, 1784–1911’. American Journal of Political Science 56(1):8497.Google Scholar
Stone, DanZiebart, David. 1995. ‘A Model of Financial Incentive Effects in Decision Making’. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 61(3):250261.Google Scholar
Urnov, Mark. 2011. ‘Modernization in Russia: Clash of Concepts’. Moscow: Higher School of Economics. Typescript.Google Scholar
Whitfold, AndrewYates, Jeff. 2003. ‘Policy Signals and Executive Governance: Presidential Rhetoric in the War on Drugs’. Journal of Politics 65(4):9951012.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: Link

Baturo and Mikhaylov Datasets

Link
Supplementary material: PDF

Baturo and Mikhaylov supplementary material

Supplementary data

Download Baturo and Mikhaylov supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 733.3 KB