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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 October 2009
[The British Antarctic Expedition, 1839–43, consisted of two Naval vessels, H.M.S. Erebus and Terror, with Sir James Clark Ross as leader and Captain F. R. M. Crozier as second-in-command. The objects of the expedition were mainly concerned with terrestrial magnetism, a subject of particular interest to Ross who had discovered the North Magnetic Pole in 1831. The expedition circumnavigated the Antarctic continent and made a number of important geographical discoveries. It twice penetrated the pack ice.of the Ross Sea; it discovered, and roughly charted, 500 miles of new coastline in Victoria Land; it discovered Ross Island and the Ross Ice Front, also the James Ross Island group; it visited Prince Edward Islands, les Crozet and les Kerguelen; and it sighted Joinville Island and the Balleny Islands. Observations of terrestrial magnetism were made from stations, either permanent or temporary, set up during the voyage.