Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T15:18:19.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Remediation and restoration of frozen ground: a terminology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

Bernard Stonehouse
Affiliation:
Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER

Abstract

This paper identifies and discusses terminology used in discussion of disturbance, damage, and rehabilitation in frozen soils and related ecosystems, and provides a vocabulary that may help scientists from different disciplines to identify management objectives and reach common purposes.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Antarctic Environmental Officers' Network. 1998. Summary of environmental monitoring activities in Antarctica. Washington, DC: COMNAP.Google Scholar
Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program. 1998. Assessment report: Arctic pollution issues. Oslo: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program.Google Scholar
Billings, W.D. 1973. Arctic and alpine vegetations: similarities, differences and susceptibility to disturbance. BioScience 23 (12): 673704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, J., and Blume, H.-P.. 1995. Impact of human activities on the terrestrial ecosystem of Antarctica: a review. Polarforschung 65: 8392.Google Scholar
COMNAP/SCAR. 2000. Antarctic environmental monitoring handbook: standard techniques for monitoring in Antarctica. Hobart: COMNAP/SCAR.Google Scholar
Crawford, R.M.M. (editor). 1997. Disturbance and recovery in Arctic lands: an ecological perspective. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (NATO Advanced Science Institutes, series 2, volume 25).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckhardt, F.E. 1988. Fragility of the plant cover in the Arctic. Flora 180: 717.Google Scholar
Iskandar, I.K., Wright, E.A., Radke, J.K., Sharratt, B.S., Groenevelt, P.H., and Hinzman, L.D. (editors). 1997. Proceedings of the international symposium on physics, chemistry and ecology of seasonally frozen soils, Fairbanks, Alaska, June 10–12 1997. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Special Report 97–10).Google Scholar
Johnston, M.E. 1995. Patterns and issues in Arctic and sub-Arctic tourism. In: Hall, C.M., and Johnston, M.E. (editors). Polar tourism. Chichester: Wiley: 2742.Google Scholar
Kerry, E. 1990. Microorganisms colonizing plants and soil subjected to different degrees of human activity, including petroleum contamination, in the Vestfold Hills and Mac.Robertson Land, Antarctica. Polar Biology 10: 423430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Margalef, R. 1968. Perspectives in ecological theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Rakusa-Suszczewski, S., and Krzyszowska, A.. 1991. Assessment of the environmental impact of the ‘H.Arctowski’ Polish Antarctic Station (Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands). Polish Polar Research 12: 105121.Google Scholar
Snape, I. M. J., Riddle, J.S., Stark, C.M. Cole, King, C.K., Duquesne, S., and Gore, D.B.. 2001. Management and remediation of contaminated sites at Casey Station, Antarctica. Polar Record 37 (202): 199214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stonehouse, B. 1989. Polar ecology. Glasgow: Blackie.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stonehouse, B. 1999. Biological processes in cold soils. Polar Record 35 (192): 510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strandberg, B. 1997. Vegetation recovery following anthropogenic disturbances in Greenland. In: Crawford, R.M.M. (editor). Disturbance and recovery in Arctic lands: an ecological perspective. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (NATO Advanced Science Institutes, series 2, volume 25): 381390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugden, D.E. 1989. The polar environments: illusion and reality. Ambio 18 (1): 25.Google Scholar
van Andel, J., and Bergh, J.P. van den. 1987. Disturbance of grasslands: outline of the theme. In: van Andel, J., Bakker, J.P., and Snaydon, R.W. (editors). Disturbance in grasslands: causes, effects and processes. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, D.A., Cate, D., Brown, J., and Racine, C. (editors). 1987. Disturbance and recovery of Arctic tundra terrain: a review of recent investigations. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Report 87–11).Google Scholar
Webber, P.J., and Walker, D.A.. 1987. Concepts of disturbance and recovery. In: Walker, D.A., Cate, D., Brown, J., and Racine, C. (editors). Disturbance and recovery of Arctic tundra terrain: a review of recent investigations. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Report 87–11): 58.Google Scholar
Westman, W.E. 1978. Measuring the inertia and resilience of ecosystems. BioScience 28 (11): 705–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, P.S.Pattern process and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45: 429–99.Google Scholar
Williams, P.J., and Smith, M.W.. 1989. The frozen earth: fundamentals of geocryology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar