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Protected nature areas in the Russian Arctic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

A.E. Volkov  and
J. de Korte
A.E. Volkov
Affiliation:
All Russian Research Institute of Nature Conservation, 113628 Moscow, Znamenskoye-Sadki, Russia
J. de Korte
Affiliation:
Arctic Centre, University of Groningen, Oude Kijk in 't Jatstraat 26, 9712 EK Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract

The protected nature area system in Russia is well developed in general, although not as well in the Arctic. On 1 January 1994 the total area of all types of Arctic reserves covered about 19.7 million ha, comprising about 10.2% of the area of the Russian Arctic. There are five categories of protected nature areas: strict nature reserwes (zapovedniki), national nature parks (natsional'nyye parki), nature monuments (pamyatniki prirody), special purpose reserves (zakazniki), and nature-ethnic parks (prirodno-etnicheskiye parki). The system of the zapovednik is unique. The oldest strict nature reserve in the Arctic is Kandalakshskiy (1939). Other major nature reserves include Ostrov Vrangelya (created in 1976), Taymyrskiy (1979), Ust-Lenskiy (1985), and Bol'shoy Arkticheskiy (1993). The first nature-ethnic park in the Arctic, Beringiya, was established in 1993. Because of the unstable economic and political situation in Russia, the nature protection system has a difficult time. Furthermore, the legal structure that defines the purpose of and responsibility for these areas is sometimes not completely clear, and a great deal is dependent on presidential decrees that, through time, have limited validity. The cooperation of Russian, western European, and North American scientists who study birds breeding in the Russian Arctic and migration patterns to temperate regions could give major support to the nature re-serves in the Russian Arctic.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 30 , Issue 175 , October 1994 , pp. 299 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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