Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:56:17.518Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A prehistoric population change in the Bering Strait region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

John Bockstoce
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The Birnirk culture is important in Inupiak Eskimo prehistory because the Thule and Western Thule cultures and all recent prehistoric Eskimo cultures derive from it. Its appearance on the American side of Bering Strait has puzzled archaeologists because it is linked to the cultures of the Asian side of the strait and is not lineally related to the cultures, Norton and Ipiutak, that it replaced in Alaska. Recent excavations at Cape Nome, Alaska, have shed light on the nature of this replacement. I carried out these excavations during 1969–71 under the auspices of the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania and under the supervision of Professor Froelich Rainey. The University Museum and the Explorers Club gave financial assistance.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 16 , Issue 105 , September 1973 , pp. 793 - 803
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alverson, D. L. and Wilimovsky, N. J. 1966. Fishery investigations of the southeastern Chukchi Sea. In: Wilimovsky, N. J. and Wolfe, J., eds. Environment of the Cape Thompson region, Alaska. Washington DC, United States Atomic Energy Commission, p 843–60.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. D. 1962. Cape Krusenstern Ipiutak economic and settlement patterns. Providence, Brown University. [Unpublished MA thesis.]Google Scholar
Anderson, D. D. 1968. A Stone-age campsite at the gateway to America. Scientific American, Vol 218, No 6, p 24–33.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. D. 1972. An archaeological survey of the Noatak drainage, Alaska. Arctic Anthropology, Vol 9, No 1, p 66–117.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. D. [nd]. Personal communication.Google Scholar
Bockstoce, J. R. [nd]. A preliminary report on the archaeology of Cape Nome, Alaska. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska. [In preparation.]Google Scholar
Burch, E. S. 1972. The caribou/wild reindeer as a human resource. American Antiquity, Vol 37, No 3, p 339–68.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. M. 1962. Cultural succession at Anaktuvuk Pass, Arctic Alaska. Arctic Institute of North America, Technical Papers, No 11, p 39–54.Google Scholar
Collins, H. B. 1937. Archaeology of St. Lawrence Island. Washington DC, Smithsonian Institution (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol 96, No 1).Google Scholar
Dekin, A. A. Jr 1973. Climatic change and cultural change: a correlative supply, from eastern Arctic prehistory. Polar Notes, No 12, p 11–31.Google Scholar
Dumond, D. E. 1969. Prehistoric cultural contacts in southwestern Alaska. Science, Vol 166, No 3909, p 1108–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ford, J. A. 1959. Eskimo prehistory in the vicinity of Point Barrow, Alaska. With an appendix, “Skeletal remains from the vicinity of Point Barrow, Alaska” by Stewart, T. D.. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol 47, Part 1.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1952. The Arctic woodland culture of the Kobuk River. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, University Museum (Museum monographs).Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1964. The archaeology of Cape Denbigh. Providence, Brown University Press.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1966. Cross-dating the archaeology of north-western Alaska. Science, Vol 153,, No 3732, p 127–35.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. 1967. Ancient men of the Arctic. New York, Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Giddings, J. L. and Anderson, D. D. [nd]. Beach ridge archaeology. [In preparation.]Google Scholar
Institute of Tôhoku Culture. 1963. Neolithic remains from the Numazu shellmound. Archaeology, No 2.Google Scholar
Irving, W. N. 1964. Punyik Point and the Arctic small-tool tradition. Madison, University of Wisconsin. [Unpublished PhD thesis:]Google Scholar
Larsen, H. 1951. De dansk-amerikanske Alaska-ekspeditioner 1949–50. Geografisk Tidsskrift, Vol 51, p 69–93.Google Scholar
Larsen, H. 1968. Trail Creek. Final report on the excavation of two caves on Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Acta Arctica, Fasc 15.Google Scholar
Larsen, H. and Rainey, F. 1948. Ipiutak and the Arctic whale hunting culture. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol 42, Part 3.Google Scholar
Lent, P. C. 1966. The caribou of northwestern Alaska. In: Wilimovsky, N. J. and Wolfe, J., eds. Environment of the Cape Thompson region, Alaska. Washington DC, United States Atomic Energy Commission, p 481–517.Google Scholar
Lutz, B. [nd]. Personal communication:Google Scholar
MacNeish, R. S. 1956. Archaeological reconnaissance of the delta of the Mackenzie River and the Yukon coast. Canada. National Museum. Bulletin, No. 142, p 46–81.Google Scholar
Nowak, M. 1971. A preliminary sequence of Nunivak Island, Alaska prehistory. [Paper prepared for oral presentation at the annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Mexico City.]Google Scholar
Okladnikov, A. P. 1965. The Soviet far east in antiquity: an archaeological and historical study of the maritime regions of the U.S.S.R. Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources, No 6.Google Scholar
Rainey, F. 1947. The whale hunters of Tigara. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol 141, Part 2.Google Scholar
Rudenko, S. I. 1961. The ancient culture of the Bering Sea and the Eskimo problem. Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources, No 1.Google Scholar
Smith, H. D. and others. 1966. The salmon resource. By Smith, H. D., Seymour, A. H., and Donaldson, L. R.. In: Wilimovsky, N. J. and Wolfe, J., eds. Environment of the Cape Thompson region, Alaska. Washington DC, United States Atomic Energy Commission, p 861–76.Google Scholar
Stanford, D. [nd]. Personal communication.Google Scholar
Taylor, W. E. Jr 1963. Hypotheses on the origin of Canadian Thule culture. American Antiquity, Vol 28, No 4, p 456–64.Google Scholar