Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T04:14:29.909Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Thackeray, Sturges, and the Scandal of Censorship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Extract

In the wake of Foucault's influential retelling of the history of sexuality, a new school of censorship theory emerged that was devoted to exposing and unpacking the paradoxically productive effects of censorious practices. This essay traces a particular strand of that paradox, labeled here the logic of scandal: the logic wherein discourse is authorized and amplified by feelings like shock and moral condemnation rather than stymied by them. To explore the ramifications of this logic for and within narrative art, I take as my subjects a novel written during the famously prudish Victorian era and a film produced under the famously stringent Production Code—W. M. Thackeray's Vanity Fair and Preston Sturges's The Lady Eve. In each the “scandalous” discursive acrobatics performed by the text's morally ambiguous heroine reflect the strategies of censorship evasion employed by the morally ambiguous artist who created her.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2012 by The Modern Language Association of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Agee, James. Rev. of The Miracle of Morgan's Creek, dir. Preston Sturges. Nation Jan. 1944: n. pag. Production Code Administration file on The Miracle of Morgan's Creek. Margaret Herrick Lib., Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Auerbach, Nina. Woman and the Demon: The Life of a Victorian Myth. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1982. Print.Google Scholar
Bailey, Peter. Popular Culture and Performance in the Victorian City. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. Print.Google Scholar
Barthes, Roland. S/Z. Trans. Miller, Richard. New York: Hill, 1974. Print.Google Scholar
Bazin, André. The Cinema of Cruelty: From Buñuel to Hitchcock. Ed. Truffaut, François. Trans. d'Estrée, Sabine and Fliss, Tiffany. New York: Seaver, 1982. Print.Google Scholar
Breen, Joseph. Letter to Luigi Luraschi. 9 Oct. 1940. TS. Production Code Administration file on The Lady Eve. Margaret Herrick Lib., Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Brownlow, Kevin. Behind the Mask of Innocence. Berkeley: U of California P, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Burt, Richard, ed. The Administration of Aesthetics: Censorship, Political Criticism, and the Public Sphere. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1994. Print.Google Scholar
Butler, Judith. Excitable Speech: A Politics of the Performative. New York: Routledge, 1997. Print.Google Scholar
Carson, Diane. “To Be Seen but Not Heard: The Awful Truth.Multiple Voices in Feminist Film Criticism. Ed. Carson, Linda Dittmar, and Welsch, Janice R. Minneapolis: U of Minneapolis P, 1994. 213–25. Print.Google Scholar
Cavell, Stanley. Pursuits of Happiness: The Hollywood Comedy of Remarriage. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1981. Print.Google Scholar
Crowther, Bosley. Rev. of The Miracle of Morgan's Creek, dir. Preston Sturges. New York Times Jan. 1944: n. pag. Production Code Administration file on The Miracle at Morgan's Creek. Margaret Herrick Lib., Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Dickens, Charles. Oliver Twist. Ed. Tillotson, Kathleen. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999. Print.Google Scholar
Farber, Manny, and Poster, W. S.Preston Sturges: Success in the Movies.” Negative Space: Manny Farber on the Movies. By Farber. New York: Praeger, 1971. 89104. Print.Google Scholar
Forster, John. “From a Review in the Examiner.Thackeray: The Critical Heritage. Ed. Tillotson, Geoffrey and Hawes, Donald. London: Routledge, 1968. 5358. Print.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel!. The History of Sexuality: An Introduction. Trans. Hurley, Robert. New York: Vintage, 1978. Print.Google Scholar
Greene, Jane M.Hollywood's Production Code and Thirties Romantic Comedy.” Historical Journal of Film, Radio, and Television 30.1 (2010): 5573. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grieveson, Lee. Policing Cinema: Movies and Censorship in Early Twentieth-Century America. Berkeley: U of California P, 2004. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henderson, Brian, ed. Five Screenplays by Preston Sturges. Berkeley: U of California P, 1985. Print.Google Scholar
Hyland, Paul, and Sammells, Neil, eds. Writing and Censorship in Britain. London: Routledge, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Lea. The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928–1942. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997. Print.Google Scholar
Jadwin, Lisa. “The Seductiveness of Female Duplicity in Vanity Fair.” SEL 32.4 (1992): 663–87. Print.Google Scholar
Joy, Jason. Letter to Will Hays. 17 June 1932. TS. Production Code Administration file on Reunion in Vienna. Margaret Herrick Lib., Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Kuhn, Annette. Cinema, Censorship, and Sexuality, 1909–1925. London: Routledge, 1988. Print.Google Scholar
Leckie, Barbara. “A Preface Is Written to the Public: Print Censorship, Novel Prefaces, and the Construction of a New Reading Public in Late-Victorian England.” Victorian Literature and Culture 37.2 (2009): 447–62. Print.Google Scholar
Leff, Leonard, and Simmons, Jerold. The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code. Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 2001. Print.Google Scholar
Macaulay, Thomas Babington. The History of England from the Accession of James II. London, 1849–61. Print.Google Scholar
Marcus, Steven. The Other Victorians: A Study of Sexuality and Pornography in Mid-Nineteenth-Century England. New York: New Amer. Lib., 1974. Print.Google Scholar
Marsh, Joss. Word Crimes: Blasphemy, Culture, and Literature in Nineteenth-Century England. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1998. Print.Google Scholar
McElhaney, Joe. “Fast Talk: Preston Sturges and the Speed of Language.” Cinema and Modernity. Ed. Pomerance, Murray. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2006. 273–95. Print.Google Scholar
Mulvey, Laura. “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema.” Screen 16.3 (1975): 618. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliphant, Mrs. [Margaret Oliphant]. “Mr. Thackeray and His Novels.” Thackeray: The Critical Heritage. Ed. Tillotson, Geoffrey and Hawes, Donald. London: Routledge, 1968. 202–16. Print.Google Scholar
Post, Robert C., ed. Censorship and Silencing: Practices of Cultural Regulation. Los Angeles: Getty Research Inst., 1998. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rev. of The Lady Eve, dir. Preston Sturges. Weekly Variety 26 Feb. 1941: n. pag. Production Code Administration file on The Lady Eve. Margaret Herrick Lib., Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Rigby, Elizabeth [Lady Eastlake]. “From ‘Vanity Fair—and Jane Eyre,‘ The Quarterly Review.” Thackeray: The Critical Heritage. Ed. Tillotson, Geoffrey and Hawes, Donald. London: Routledge, 1968. 7786. Print.Google Scholar
Ritchie, Anne Thackeray. The Two Thackerays: Anne Thackeray Ritchie's Centenary Biographical Introductions to the Works of William Makepeace Thackeray. New York: AMS, 1988. Print.Google Scholar
Sarris, Andrew. “Preston Sturges.” Movie Comedy. Ed. Byron, Stuart and Weis, Elizabeth. New York: Penguin, 1977. 8385. Print.Google Scholar
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire. New York: Columbia UP, 1985. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. Epistemology of the Closet. Berkeley: U of California P, 1990. Print.Google Scholar
Shillingsburg, Peter L. Pegasus in Harness: Victorian Publishing and W. M. Thackeray. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Steinberg, Cobbett, ed. Reel Facts: The Movie Book of Records. New York: Vintage, 1978. Print.Google Scholar
Sturges, Preston, dir. The Lady Eve. Perf. Barbara Stanwyck and Henry Fonda. Paramount, 1941. New York: Criterion Collection, 2001. DVD.Google Scholar
Sturges, Preston, dir. Preston Sturges by Preston Sturges: His Life in His Words. Ed. Sturges, Sandy. New York: Simon, 1990. Print.Google Scholar
Thackeray, William Makepeace. “Thackeray to Mrs. Carmichael-Smyth.” March 1840. The Letters and Private Papers of William Makepeace Thackeray. Ed. Ray, Gordon N. Vol. 1. New York: Octagon, 1980. 432–35. Print.Google Scholar
Thackeray, William Makepeace. Pendennis. Ed. Sutherland, John. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1994. Print.Google Scholar
Thackeray, William Makepeace. Vanity Fair. Ed. Shillingsburg, Peter. New York: Norton, 1994. Print.Google Scholar
Thomas, Donald. A Long Time Burning: The History of Literary Censorship in England. New York: Praeger, 1969. Print.Google Scholar