Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:50:41.609Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Spenser at Play

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Abstract

Reading The Faerie Queene is like playing. his article develops an account of three relevant tendencies of play—to change through time, to animate its object, and to remain opaque in meaning—and distinguishes this account from other critical understandings of play. It then introduces a historical analogue to Spenser's playfulness—the giving of formerly holy objects to children as toys during the Reformation—and uses it as a lens through which to read the ending of the first book of Spenser's poem, where the vast dragon not only becomes a posthumous plaything but also displays surprisingly playful propensities of its own. Readers respond both to this moment and to their own responses to it, playing in the presence of the poem's opaquely foregrounded meanings.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 The Modern Language Association of America

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Account of the Company of St. George in Norwich.”Google Scholar
Norfolk Archaeology, vol. 3, 1852, pp. 315–74.Google Scholar
Adorno, Theodor W. Minima Moralia: Reflections on a Damaged Life. Translated by Jephcott, Edmund, Verso, 1974.Google Scholar
Alberts, Tara. Conflict and Conversion: Catholicism in Southeast Asia, 1500–1700. Oxford UP, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ariès, Philippe. Centuries of Childhood: A Social History of Family Life. Translated by Baldock, Robert, Vintage Books, 1962.Google Scholar
Aston, Margaret. Broken Idols of the English Reformation. Cambridge UP, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aston, Margaret. “Iconoclasm in England: Official and Clandestine.” Faith and Fire: Popular and Unpopular Religion, 1350–1600, Hambledon, 1993, pp. 261–89.Google Scholar
Aston, Margaret. Laws against Images. Clarendon Press, 1988. Vol. 1 of England's Iconoclasts.Google Scholar
Barber, C.L. Shakespeare's Festive Comedy: A Study of Dramatic Form and Its Relation to Social Custom. Princeton UP, 1959.Google Scholar
Barclay, Alexander. The Life of St. George. edited by Nelson, William, Oxford UP, 1955.Google Scholar
Barrett, Chris. “Cetaceous Sin and Dragon Death: The Faerie Queene, Natural Philosophy, and the Limits of Allegory.” Spenser Studies, vol. 28, 2013, pp. 145–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anglicus, Bartholomaeus. Batman uppon Bartholome His Booke De proprietatibus rerum. London, 1582.Google Scholar
Bateson, Patrick, and Martin, Paul. Play, Playfulness, Creativity and Innovation. Cambridge UP, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baudelaire, Charles. “The Philosophy of Toys.” Translated by Paul Keegan. On Dolls, edited by Gross, Kenneth, Notting Hill Editions, 2012, pp. 1121.Google Scholar
Bennett, Jane. Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Duke UP, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, Harry Jr. Revisionary Play: Studies in the Spenserian Dynamics. U of California P, 1988.Google Scholar
Bettelheim, Bruno. “The Importance of Play.” The Atlantic Monthly, vol. 259, no. 3, 1987, pp. 3546.Google Scholar
Bettini, Maurizio. The Portrait of the Lover. Translated by Gibbs, Laura, U of California P, 1999.Google Scholar
Blench, J.W. Preaching in England in the Late Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. Basil Blackwell, 1964.Google Scholar
Bollas, Christopher. The Mystery of Things. Routledge, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bristol, Michael D. Carnival and Teater: Plebeian Culture and the Structure of Authority in Renaissance England. Methuen, 1985.Google Scholar
Brooker, Liz, et al., editors. The Sage Handbook of Play and Learning in Early Childhood. Sage, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brotton, Jerry. “Saints Alive: The Iconography of Saint George.” Iconoclash, edited by Latour, Bruno and Weibel, Peter, MIT P, 2002, pp. 155–57.Google Scholar
Brown, Bill. “How to Do Things with Things (A Toy Story).” Critical Inquiry, vol. 24, no. 4, 1998, pp. 935–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burke, Charles Bell. “The ‘Sage and Serious’ Spenser.” Notes and Queries, vol. 175, 1938, pp. 457–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burke, Peter. Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe. Temple Smith, 1978.Google Scholar
Campana, Joseph. The Pain of Reformation: Spenser, Vulnerability, and the Ethics of Masculinity. Fordham UP, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. “Structure, Sign and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences.” The Structuralist Controversy: The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man, edited by Macksey, Richard and Donato, Eugenio, Johns Hopkins Press, 1970, pp. 247–65.Google Scholar
Doll, N.1.Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, 2017, www.oed.com/view/Entry/56597?rskey=SJDvM0&result=1#eid.Google Scholar
Dolven, Jeff. “Panic's Castle.” Representations, vol. 120, no. 1, Fall 2012, pp. 116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edgeworth, Roger. Sermons Very Fruitfull, Godly and Learned. edited by Wilson, Janet, D.S. Brewer, 1993.Google Scholar
Fish, Stanley. Surprised by Sin: The Reader in Paradise Lost. U of California P, 1967.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flood, Finbarr Barry. “Between Cult and Culture: Bamiyan, Islamic Iconoclasm, and the Museum.” The Art Bulletin, vol. 84, no. 4, 2002, pp. 641–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freer, Alexander. “Rhythm as Coping.” New Literary History, vol. 46, no. 3, 2015, pp. 549–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freud, Sigmund. “Beyond the Pleasure Principle.” The Penguin Freud Reader, edited by Phillips, Adam, Penguin Books, 2006, pp. 132–95.Google Scholar
Fried, Michael. Absorption and Theatricality: Painting and Beholder in the Age of Diderot. U of Chicago P, 1980.Google Scholar
Gell, Alfred. Art and Agency: An Anthropological Theory. Clarendon Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Gil, Daniel Juan. Before Intimacy: Asocial Sexuality in Early Modern England. U of Minnesota P, 2006.Google Scholar
Gilman, Ernest B. Iconoclasm and Poetry in the English Reformation: Down Went Dagon. U of Chicago P, 1986.Google Scholar
Gless, Darryl J. Interpretation and Theology in Spenser. Cambridge UP, 1994.Google Scholar
Goldberg, Jonathan. Endlesse Worke: Spenser and the Structures of Discourse. Johns Hopkins UP, 1981.Google Scholar
Goldberg, Jonathan. The Seeds of Things: Theorizing Sexuality and Materiality in Renaissance Representations. Fordham UP, 2009.Google Scholar
Goodich, Michael. “Bartholomaeus Anglicus on Childrearing.” History of Childhood Quarterly, vol. 3, Summer 1975, pp. 7584.Google Scholar
Green, Ian. “‘For Children in Yeeres and Children in Understanding’: The Emergence of the English Catechism under Elizabeth and the Early Stuarts.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 37, no. 3, 1986, pp. 397425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenblatt, Stephen. Renaissance Self-Fashioning from More to Shakespeare. U of Chicago P, 1980.Google Scholar
Gregerson, Linda. The Reformation of the Subject: Spenser, Milton and the English Protestant Epic. Cambridge UP, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grogan, Jane. “Style, Objects and Heroic Values in Early Modern Epic.” Studies in English Literature, vol. 57, no. 1, 2017, pp. 2344.Google Scholar
Gross, Kenneth. Introduction. On Dolls, edited by Gross, , Notting Hill Editions, 2012, pp. ix-xxii.Google Scholar
Gross, Kenneth. Spenserian Poetics: Idolatry, Iconoclasm, and Magic. Cornell UP, 1985.Google Scholar
Hadfield, Andrew. “Spenser and Jokes.” Spenser Studies, vol. 25, 2010, pp. 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamayon, Roberte. Why We Play: An Anthropological Study. Translated by Simon, Damien, Hau Books, 2016.Google Scholar
Hans, James. “Derrida and Freeplay.” MLN, vol. 94, no. 4, 1979, pp. 809–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazlitt, William. The Complete Works of William Hazlitt. Edited by P.P. Howe, 21 vols., J.M. Dent and Sons, 1930–34.Google Scholar
Helfer, Rebeca. Spenser's Ruins and the Art of Recollection. U of Toronto P, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huizinga, Johan. Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture. Routledge, 1949.Google Scholar
Hurka, Thomas, and Tasioulas, John. “Games and the Good.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 80, 2006, pp. 217–64.Google Scholar
Hutton, Ronald. The Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain. Oxford UP, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Israel, Jeffrey Irving. “The Capability of Play.” University of Chicago Divinity School Religion and Culture Web Forum, Jan. 2009, divinity.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/imce/pdfs/webforum/012009/WF%20J0/020Israel/020January%202009.pdf.Google Scholar
Jarvis, Simon. Wordsworth's Philosophic Song. Cambridge UP, 2007.Google Scholar
Johnson, Barbara. Persons and Things. Harvard UP, 2008.Google Scholar
Kaske, Carol V.The Dragon's Spark and Sting and the Structure of Red Cross's Dragon-Fight: The Faerie Queene, I.XI-XII.” Studies in Philology, vol. 66, no. 4, 1969, pp. 609–38.Google Scholar
Kearney, James. The Incarnate Text: Imagining the Book in Reformation England. U of Pennsylvania P, 2009.Google Scholar
Kendrick, Laura. “Games Medievalists Play: How to Make Earnest of Game and Still Enjoy It.” New Literary History, vol. 40, no. 1, 2009, pp. 4361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Andrew. The Faerie Queene and Middle English Romance: The Matter of Just Memory. Clarendon Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Knapp, Jeffrey. An Empire Nowhere: England, America, and Literature from Utopia to he Tempest. U of California P, 1992.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koerner, Joseph Leo. The Reformation of the Image. U of Chicago P, 2004.Google Scholar
Lamb, Mary Ellen. “The Red Crosse Knight, St. George, and the Appropriation of Popular Culture.” Spenser Studies, vol. 18, 2003, pp. 185208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laroque, François. Shakespeare's Festive World: Elizabethan Seasonal Entertainment and the Professional Stage. Translated by Lloyd, Janet, Cambridge UP, 1991.Google Scholar
Latour, Bruno. On the Modern Cult of the Factish Gods. Translated by Porter, Catherine and MacLean, Heather, Duke UP, 2010.Google Scholar
Lear, Jonathan. Happiness, Death, and the Remainder of Life. Harvard UP, 2000.Google Scholar
Milton, John. The Complete Prose Works of John Milton. Edited by Don M. Wolfe et al., 8 vols., Yale UP, 1959–82.Google Scholar
Moshenska, Joe. Feeling Pleasures: The Sense of Touch in Renaissance England. Oxford UP, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moshenska, Joe. “The Forgotten Youth of Allegory: Figures of Old Age in The Faerie Queene.” Modern Philology, vol. 110, no. 3, 2013, pp. 389414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, William. Fact or Fiction: The Dilemma of the Renaissance Storyteller. Harvard UP, 1973.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, William. “Spenser Ludens.A Theatre for Spenserians, edited by Kennedy, Judith M. and Reither, James A., U of Toronto P, 1973, pp. 83100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicholson, Catherine. “Una's Line.” Spenser Review, vol. 46, no. 2, Fall 2016, www.english.cam.ac.uk/spenseronline/review/item/46.2.6.Google Scholar
Nohrnberg, James. The Analogy of he Faerie Queene. Princeton UP, 1976.Google Scholar
Noyes, James. The Politics of Iconoclasm: Religion, Violence and the Culture of Image Breaking in Christianity and Islam. I.B. Tauris, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olson, Glending. Literature as Recreation in the Later Middle Ages. Cornell UP, 1982.Google Scholar
Oram, William A.Human Limitation and Spenserian Laughter.” Spenser Studies, vol. 30, 2015, pp. 3556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orme, Nicholas. Medieval Children. Yale UP, 2001.Google Scholar
Ozment, Steven. Ancestors: The Loving Family in Old Europe. Harvard UP, 2001.Google Scholar
Peacock, Edward, editor. English Church Furniture, Ornaments and Decorations, at the Period of the Reformation: As Exhibited in a List of the Goods Destroyed in Certain Lincolnshire Churches, A.D. 1566. J.C. Hotten, 1866.Google Scholar
Perkins, Patrick. “Spenser's Dragon and the Law.” Spenser Studies, vol. 21, 2006, pp. 5181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purkiss, Diane. Literature, Gender and Politics during the English Civil War. Cambridge UP, 2005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scribner, Robert W. Popular Culture and Popular Movements in Reformation Germany. Hambledon, 1987.Google Scholar
Simms, Eva Maria. “Uncanny Dolls: Images of Death in Rilke and Freud.” New Literary History, vol. 27, no. 4, 1996, pp. 663–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, James. Under the Hammer: Iconoclasm in the Anglo-American Tradition. Oxford UP, 2010.Google Scholar
Skeeters, Martha C. Community and Clergy: Bristol and the Reformation, c. 1530–1570. Clarendon Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Spenser, Edmund. The Faerie Queene. edited by Hamilton, A.C., 2nd ed., Longman, 2001.Google Scholar
Spenser, Edmund. “Letter to Raleigh.” Spenser, Faerie Queene, pp. 714–18.Google Scholar
Spenser, Edmund. The Shepheardes Calendar. The Shorter Poems, edited by McCabe, Richard A., Penguin Books, 1999, pp. 23156.Google Scholar
Stearns, Peter N.Challenges in the History of Childhood.” Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth, vol. 1, no. 1, 2008, pp. 3542.Google Scholar
Stillman, Anne. “Distraction Fits.” Thinking Verse, vol. 2, 2012, pp. 2767.Google Scholar
Suits, Bernard. The Grasshopper: Games, Life and Utopia. U of Toronto P, 1978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton-Smith, Brian. The Ambiguity of Play. Harvard UP, 1997.Google Scholar
Taussig, Michael. Defacement: Public Secrecy and the Labor of the Negative. Stanford UP, 1999.Google Scholar
Teskey, Gordon. Allegory and Violence. Cornell UP, 1996.Google Scholar
Teskey, Gordon. “Edmund Spenser Meets Jacques Derrida: On the Travail of Systems.” Spenser Review, vol. 43, no. 3, Winter 2014, www.english.cam.ac.uk/spenseronline/review/volume-43/433/reflections-editors-choice/edmund-spenser-meets-jacques-derrida-on-the-travail-of-systems.Google Scholar
Teskey, Gordon. “Notes on Reading in The Faerie Queene: From Moment to Moment.” Spenser in the Moment, edited by Hecht, Paul J. and Lethbridge, J.B., Fairleigh Dickinson UP / Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2015, pp. 217–34.Google Scholar
Teskey, Gordon. “Thinking Moments in he Faerie Queene.” Spenser Studies, vol. 22, 2007, pp. 103–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, Brook. The New Historicism and Other Old-Fashioned Topics. Princeton UP, 1991.Google Scholar
Thomas, Keith. “Children in Early Modern England.” Children and heir Books, edited by Avery, Gillian and Briggs, Julia, Clarendon Press, 1989, pp. 4577.Google Scholar
Thomas, Keith. Religion and the Decline of Magic. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1971.Google Scholar
Toy, N.” Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, 2017, www.oedxom/view/Entry/204133?rskey=ZyRzBQ&result=1&isAdvanced=false#eid.Google Scholar
Tudor, Phillipa. “Religious Instruction for Children and Adolescents in the Early English Reformation.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 35, no. 3, 1984, pp. 391413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, Victor. “Liminal to Liminoid in Play, Flow and Ritual: An Essay in Comparative Symbology.” Rice University Studies, vol. 60, no. 3, 1974, pp. 5392.Google Scholar
Wabuda, Susan. “‘Fruitful Preaching’ in the Diocese of Worcester: Bishop Hugh Latimer and His Influence, 1535–39.” Religion and the English People, 1500–1640: New Voices, New Perspectives, edited by Carlson, Eric Josef, Thomas Jefferson UP, 1998, pp. 4974.Google Scholar
Wagenvoort, H.Ludus Poeticus.” Studies in Roman Literature, Culture and Religion, E.J. Brill, 1956, pp. 3042.Google Scholar
Walton, Kendall L. Mimesis as Make-Believe: On the Foundations of the Representational Arts. Harvard UP, 1990.Google Scholar
Wandel, Lee Palmer. Voracious Idols and Violent Hands: Iconoclasm in Reformation Zurich, Strasbourg, and Basel. Cambridge UP, 1994.Google Scholar
Watkins, W.B.C. Shakespeare and Spenser. Princeton UP, 1950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, Max. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Translated by Parsons, Talcott, Routledge, 2002.Google Scholar
Wilson, Robert R.Play, Transgression and Carnival: Bakhtin and Derrida on Scriptor Ludens.” Mosaic, vol. 19, no. 1, 1986, pp. 7389.Google Scholar
Winnicott, D.W. Playing and Reality. Routledge, 1971.Google Scholar
Wofford, Susanne L.The Enfolding Dragon: Arthur and the Moral Economy of The Faerie Queene.Edmund Spenser: Essays on Culture and Allegory, edited by Morrison, Jennifer Klein and Greenfield, Matthew, Ashgate, 2000, pp. 135–65.Google Scholar
Zamir, Tzachi. “Puppets.” Critical Inquiry, vol. 36, no. 3, 2010, pp. 386409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar