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Some Twentieth Century Arts Poétiques
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 December 2020
Extract
Few poems in French literature are better known than L'Art by Gautier and the Art poétique of Verlaine. But the fame of these poems obscures a fact to be discovered by wider reading; namely, that nine or ten living French poets have each published an Art poétique since the opening of the twentieth century. The following pages are a presentation of these modern French poems on poetry which have been brought together in the belief that they may reveal the literary fortunes of Gautier, Verlaine, and their peers, or indicate their significance to living poets.
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- Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1932
References
1 Published in the volume Jadis et Naguère (1884). Professor Martino is certain that the poem was composed before April, 1874, although it exerted no influence until ten years later. See Martino's Verlaine (1924), p. 104.
2 Schéhérazade, Malfère edition (1926), p. 80, and R. de la Vaissière's Anthologie poétique du XX e siècle, ii, 21.
3 Perhaps Claudel's nearest approach to the writing of an Art poétique in the technical sense is in a passage found in the rôle of the poet Cœuvre (La Ville, 2d version, act iii, p. 305):
Cf. also Claudel's essays entitled “Réflexions et propositions sur le vers français” (Nouvelle Revue française, Oct.-Nov., 1925; reprinted in Positions et Propositions, 1928, pp. 9–89). Here Claudel deals not alone with versification and technique, but with the nature of poetical inspiration.
4 By V. Payen-Payne and Isabelle H. Clarke in French Poems of Today (London, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1924), p. 150, “La Poésie”; and by Louise Delpit, in Contemporary French Lyrics (Ginn & Co., 1927), p. 197, “Art poétique.” Jammes' Leçons poétiques, 1930, is a volume of literary criticism.
6 A letter of enquiry concerning the title “Art poétique” prefixed to these verses, addressed to Monsieur Eugène Marsan, who prefaced the poems of Bernard quoted in the Anthologie des écrivains combattants probably failed to reach its destination.
7 Huret, Enquête sur l'évolution littéraire, p. 57.
8 Cf. this poem: “M'entendez-vous ainsi?”
9 The most recent chronological and critical study of the Japanese and French haikai is the article “Haïkaï (Prosodie)” contributed by the present writer to the Larousse mensuel for October, 1927, pp. 484–485.
10 Cf. Verlaine, as quoted in note 5, above:
11 Indeed, a long parenthesis must be opened here, if much attention were to be given to similar writings in prose by contemporary French poets. Mention can at least be made of Florian-Parmentier's “Essai de codification du vers libre” (51 pp.) which precedes the poems of his La Lumière de l'aveugle (Éditions du Fauconnier, 1922), the Petit Traité de versification by Jules Romains and Georges Chennevière (Nouvelle Revue française, 1923), the Lyons dissertation of a young poet-critic, Jean Hytier: Les Techniques modernes du vers français (Presses universitaires, 1923), and the long preface (122 pages) to Charles Maurras' La Musique intérieure (Grasset, 1925). Poétique by Pierre Louys (Mercure de France, June 1, 1916), consists of aphorisms on the art of writing.
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