⁶ Frangks Orthographia wurde zwischen 1531 und 1538 fiinfmal aufgelegt. Er trennt “das rechte reine Deutsch”, fur das Kaiserkanzlei, Luther und die Augsburger Druckersprache Autoritäten sind, von den “Landsprachen.” Hieron. Wolf schrieb 1558 zu einer lateinischen Grammatik von Rivius den Anhang De orthographia Germanica ac potius Suevica nostrate, worin er feststellt, daß trotz der verschiedenen Dialekte die Kaiserkanzlei das Muster abgebe für das einheitliche Schreiben und Sprechen. Vgl. Raumer, Germania, i, 162; Socin aaO. 281 f.; K. v. Bahder, Grundlagen d. nhd. Lautsystems (Straßburg, 1890), S. 10; Burdach aaO. 24.

¹ Don Quixote, ii, lxxi, 270v.; cf. the texts of Julio Dan tas in Figueiredo (s.v. ferragoulo) and of Buonarroti and Fagiuoli in Tommaseo (s.v.ferrajuolo).

² Tommaseo, s.v. Baist, ZRPk, xxxii, 42.

³ Don Quixote, ii, xviii, 65v.

⁴ Gongora, ed. Foulch, ii, 183.

⁵ Don Quixote, i, xxvii, 120v.

⁶ Terreros, s.v.

⁷ Ambrosio de Morales, Coronica General de Espana, vi, xvii (ed. 1791, in, 92); Pietro della Valle, Viaggi (1650), i, 670.

⁸ Mattioli, Vocabolario Romagnolo, s.v. fraj l. Accademici Filopatridi, Vocabolario Napoletano, s.v. farrajuolo.

⁹ Dizionario della Crusca, s.v. Salvioni, RIL, ii, xliii, 614-7.

¹⁰ Moraes Silva, Dicciondrio da Lingua Porluguesa, s.v. Cortesão, Subsidios, s.v.

¹¹ Loc. cit. The passage of the Nueva Recopilacion quoted by the Diccionario de Autoridades does not belong to the first edition, in two volumes, of 1567, but to the third volume, added subsequently. It figures in a law of 1623.

¹² See Fontecha's Glosario, s.v. ferreruelo and herreruelo.

¹³ This is Baist's opinion. At least one can be sure thatferreruelo is not a rarer word than ferraiuolo.

¹⁴ Romanische Lehnworte im Neugriechischen, 95. This opinion is confirmed by the area of the word in the dialects. I reproduce with thanks the valuable data Prof. Henry R. Kahane has communicated to me: Cephalonia ?e?a?ó?, ?????ó??, ???ta?ó?? “wide sleeveless cloak”; Zante ?e?a?ó??, ?e?a?ó?? “overcoat”, “rag”; Kreta ?e?e?ó?? “thread-bare piece of clothing”; Lesbos ???a??ó?? “kind of hair-dress” (.sic), metaphorically, “woman”; Ainos ?e?a?ó?_?“kind of overcoat”; Adrianople ?e?a?ó?_?, “kind of coat.” By the phonological features it is easy to see that most of these forms must come from the Venetian dialect.

¹⁵ Traina, Accademici Filopatridi, Spotti, Mattioli, Casaccia; Salvioni, loc. cil.

¹⁶ De Gregorio, St. Clott. It., vii, 136-7.

¹⁷ Tommaseo, Accademici Filopatridi.

¹⁸ Dictionnaire d taill des noms de v lements chez les Arabes, 334.

¹⁹ Gayangos, in the glossary of his edition of Salazar, believes, on the contrary, that the name of the troopers comes from the cloak they wore, but he does not attempt to prove that they ever really wore a. ferreruelo.

²⁰ Di logos de la Vida del Soldado, i, f⁰59, as quoted by Cabrera, Diccionario de Etimologias, s.v. According to Fontecha aojar los erreruelos means “apuntar con los arcabuces” in the same author (p. 239 of the edition of the collection Libros de Antano). I wonder if this translation is good, cf. Gongora, ed. Foulch, i, 193.

²¹ Carlos ed. Gayangos, p. 22.

²² See Cabrera, s.v. The dictionary of the Spanish Academy reproduces his words.

²³ The oldest three texts, Morales, Alemán,and the first part of Don Quixote, from 1574, 1599 and 1605 respectively, have herreruelo; the most recent ones (Nueva Recopilacion, 1623; El Diablo Cojuelo, 1641, etc.) have ferreruelo, and this is the form that is preferred by the dictionaries: Covarrubias, Autoridades, Terreros, the Academy. Between 1605 and 1623 the two forms co-exist. In Don Quixote we read herreruelo in the first part and in chapter 18 of the second part, but ferreruelo towards the end of the work; in Espinel's Marcos de Obre-gon we have herreruelo in the original edition and in one of the other editions of the same year (1618), whereas the rest of the editions, including those of 1641 and 1657, have ferreruelo (See Gili's edition, p. 169). Hidalgo, Vocab. de Germanía, gives herrero “ferreruelo”, a fanciful slang form, with conscious adaptation to the pseudo-primitive herrero “smith.”

²⁴ From the Portuguese words in -oulo only four come from Lat. -iolus: lentejoula, tejoula, mocoula and cacoula. The -j- of the first two ones is a proof that they come from Spanish, and the -l- denounces all of them as borrowings.

²⁵ The Crusca, Rigutini, Fanfani, and others think that It. ferraiuolo comes from Spanish. Portuguese writers are unanimous in tracing the Portuguese word either to Spanish or to Italian. And many a Spanish lexicographer maintains that it came from Italy to Spain. Everywhere a foreign atmosphere surrounds the word, and these opinions come from persons who perceived it.

²⁶ Arabic/eregîye and farwa belong to Oriental Arabic, not to the Magrebinic dialects.

²⁷ L. Brunot, Noms de V tements Masculins Rabat, s.v. See also Beaussier, Dict. Pratique Arabe-Fran ais (Algiers dialect).

²⁸ Dozy, Suppl ment aux Dictionnaires Arabes, ii, 263.

²⁹ Hesperis, ii, 73-74.

³⁰ It is not mentioned by Haedo, Topografía e Eistoria General deArgel, published in 1612 for the first time, although Haedo describes and partially names the garments worn by the inhabitants of Algiers (pp. 47, 98, 112, 129, of the Bibliufilos Espanoles edition). But this absence has no meaning since Haedo does not refer especially to the garb of workers, and still less of port workers.

³¹ The three forms appear in the canonical codex of Escorial, written in 1049, in the Arabic-Latin Glossary of the 11th Century, and in Almakkari, respectively. In the last author, Dozy was able to reestablish the correct form by comparing the different misreadings of the manuscripts. See Simonet's Glosario, p. 417; Dozy, Suppl ment, i, 16.

³² For other instances, see BDC, xxiv, 40.

³³ Steiger, Contr., p. 120.

³⁴ There is a testimony of the use of the Lingua Franca among the Turks of Cyprus in Cervantes' El Amante Liberal (ed. Rivadeneyra, i), 130a. Some scattered words might be gleaned from Cervantes' writings, such as this novel, Los Bailos de Argel and the episode of the Captive in Don Quixote. An attentive reading of Haedo, the principal source of Schuch-ardt's essay, would certainly still yield some contribution.

³⁵ The center of irradiation seems to have been Genoa. It is easy to see it thanks to the -o- of the Proven al form. Cat. camdlic must also come from the Genoese plural camalli. There is no reason for believing that the word comes from Turk, as admitted by Meyer-Lubke's REW, since the transcription of Arabic h as k is common in Romance, and the word belongs to the Western and not to the Eastern Mediterranean.

³⁶ Prof. Ruth Kennedy calls my attention to an example of herrerudo, older than that of Morales, in a Passo belonging to the Registre de Repr sentantes first published in 1570 by Timoneda. That work has been ascribed to Lope de Rueda (+1565) by the editor of his works (Madrid 1908), and figures in this edition, ii, 251. So my expectation of older evidence of the existence of the Spanish word is confirmed. I take advantage of this occasion for referring to the work on Spanish garments of this epoch which is being prepared by Prof. Kennedy and where much valuable information will be found about the shape of ferreruelos.