Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T14:42:22.690Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Circles of Oppression, Circles of Repression: Etel Adnan's Sitt Marie Rose

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Abstract

The Lebanese writer Etel Adnan's novel Sitt Marie Rose tells the story of the title character's execution during the Lebanese civil war and thus questions the gendered body's status within the historical narrative of nationalist thought in the postcolonial world. Through this focus on gender issues, the novel examines what Adnan calls “tribal mentality” without reproducing Western orientalizing assumptions about the Arab world and its “underdevelopment.” The novel's self-consciousness about the problems of postcolonial narration offers a new perspective on Gayatri Spivak's question, “Can the subaltern speak?” In doing so, the novel also reflects my own status as a Western reader.

Type
Special Topic: Colonialism and the Postcolonial Condition
Copyright
Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Accad, Evelyne Sexuality and War: Literary Masks of the Middle East. New York: New York UP, 1990.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel The Arab Apocalypse. Sausalito: Post, 1989.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelThe Beirut-Hell Express.” Boullata 7283.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelA Conversation with Etel Adnan.” Left Curve 13 (1989): 3644.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelFive Senses for One Death.” “The Indian Never Had a Horse” and Other Poems. Sausalito: Post, 1985. 3756.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelGrowing Up to Be a Woman Writer in Lebanon.” Opening the Gates: A Century of Arab Feminist Writing. Ed. Badran, Margot and Cooke, Miriam. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1990.3–21.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelIn the Heart of the Heart of Another Country.” Mundus Artium 10.1 (1977): 2034.Google Scholar
Adnan, EtelInterview with Etel Adnan.” With Hilary Kilpatrick. Schipper 114–11.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel. “Jebu.” Boullata 4761.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel Of Cities and Women (Letters to Fawwaz). Sausalito: Post, 1993.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel Sitt Marie Rose. Trans. Kleege, Georgina. Sausalito: Post, 1982.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel Sitt Marie Rose. Paris: Femmes, 1977.Google Scholar
Adnan, Etel “Tribal Mentality.” With Inez Reider. Off Our Backs Aug.-Sept. 1983: 32.Google Scholar
Ahmed, LeilaArab Culture and Writing Women's Bodies.” Feminist Issues 9.1 (1989): 4155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahmed, LeilaFeminism and Cross-Cultural Inquiry: The Terms of the Discourse in Islam.” Coming to Terms: Feminism, Theory, Politics. Ed. Weed, Elizabeth. New York: Routledge, 1989. 143–14.Google Scholar
Ahmed, Leila Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. New Haven: Yale UP, 1992.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Trans. Emerson, Caryl and Holquist, Michael. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981.Google Scholar
Boullata, Kamal, ed Women of the Fertile Crescent: An Anthology of Modern Poetry by Arab Women. Washington: Three Continents, 1978.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse? London: Zed, 1986.Google Scholar
Chow, ReyPostmodern Automatons.” Feminists Theorize the Political. Ed. Butler, Judith and Scott, Joan W. New York: Routledge, 1992. 101–10.Google Scholar
Cooke, Miriam War's Other Voices: Women Writers on the Lebanese Civil War. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988.Google Scholar
de Man, Paul The Resistance to Theory. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1986.Google Scholar
Fernea, ElizabethThe Case of Sitt Marie Rose: An Ethnographic Novel from the Modern Middle East.” Literature and Anthropology. Ed. Dennis, Philip A. and Aycock, Wendell. Lubbock: Texas Tech UP, 1989. 153–15.Google Scholar
Hale, SondraTransforming Culture or Fostering Second-Hand Consciousness? Women's Front Organizations and Revolutionary Parties—The Sudan Case.” Arab Women: Old Boundaries, New Frontiers. Ed. Tucker, Judith E. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1993. 149–14.Google Scholar
Harlow, Barbara Resistance Literature. New York: Methuen, 1987.Google Scholar
Hélie-Lucas, Marie-AiméBound and Caged by the Family Code.” Third World, Second Sex. Ed. Davis, Miranda. Vol. 2. London: Zed, 1987.3–15.Google Scholar
Khaldun, Ibn The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History. 3 vols. Trans. Rosenthal, Franz. New York: Pantheon, 1958.Google Scholar
Jameson, Fredric Foreword. The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. By Jean-François Lyotard. Trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi. Minneapolis: Minnesota UP, 1984. vii-xxi.Google Scholar
Jayawardena, Kumari Feminism and Nationalism in the Third World. London: Zed, 1986.Google Scholar
Johnson, Barbara The Critical Difference: Essays in the Contemporary Rhetoric of Reading. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1980.Google Scholar
Khalidi, Walid Conflict and Violence in Lebanon: Confrontation in the Middle East. Harvard Studies in International Affairs 38. Cambridge: Center for Intl. Affairs, 1979.Google Scholar
Khatibi, Abdelkebir Maghreb pluriel. Paris: Denoel, 1983.Google Scholar
Khoury, Elias Al Dhākira al mafqūda. Beirut: Mu'assasa alabhath al arabiya, 1982.Google Scholar
Khoury, Elias “We Discovered Our Nation When It Nearly Was No More.” With Barbara Harlow. Merip Jan.-Feb. 1990: 3738.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kilpatrick, HilaryWomen and Literature in the Arab World.” Schipper 7290.Google Scholar
Kristeva, JuliaWomen's Time.” Trans. Alice Jardine and Harry Blake. Feminist Theory: A Critique of Ideology. Ed. Keohane, Nannerl O., Rosaldo, Michelle Z., and Gelpi, Barbara C. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1982. 3153.Google Scholar
Kruger, Barbara, and Mariani, Phil, eds Remaking History. Seattle: Bay, 1989.Google Scholar
Lacoste, Yves Ibn Khaldun: The Birth of History and the Past of the Third World. Trans. Macey, David. London: Verso, 1984.Google Scholar
Laroui, Abdallah The Crisis of the Arab Intellectual: Traditionalism or Historicism? Trans. Cammell, Diarmid. Berkeley: U of California P, 1976.Google Scholar
Lyotard, Jean-François The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge. Trans. Bennington, Geoff and Massumi, Brian. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984.Google Scholar
Marks, ElaineWomen and Literature in France.” Signs 3 (1978): 832–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mernissi, Fatima The Veil and the Male Elite: A Feminist Interpretation of Women's Rights in Islam. Trans. Lakeland, Mary Jo. Reading: Addison, 1987.Google Scholar
Mohanty, Chandra TalpadeUnder Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses.” Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism. Ed. Mohanty, Ann Russo, and Torres, Lourdes. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1991. 5180.Google Scholar
Pierce, Judith “Outside the Tribe.” Middle East Sept. 1983:51–52.Google Scholar
Pryce-Jones, David The Closed Circle: An Interpretation of the Arabs. New York: Harper, 1989.Google Scholar
Said, Edward W Foreword. Little Mountain. By Elias Khoury. Trans. Maia Tabet. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1989. ix-xxi.Google Scholar
Said, Edward WIntellectuals in the Postcolonial World.” Salmagundi 70–71 (1986): 4464.Google Scholar
Said, Edward W The World, the Text, and the Critic. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1983.Google Scholar
Sayigh, RosemaryEncounters with Palestinian Women under Occupation.” Women and Family in the Middle East: New Voices of Change. Ed. Fernea, Elizabeth Warnock. Austin: U of Texas P, 1985. 191208.Google Scholar
Scarry, Elaine The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World. New York: Oxford, 1985.Google Scholar
Schipper, Mineke, ed Unheard Words: Women and Literature in Africa, the Arab World, Asia, the Caribbean, and Latin America. London: Allison, 1985.Google Scholar
Schor, NaomiThis Essentialism Which Is Not One: Coming to Grips with Irigaray.” Differences 1.2 (1989): 3858.Google Scholar
Sharara, Yolla Polity. “Women and Politics in Lebanon.” Third World, Second Sex: Women's Struggles and National Liberation—Third World Women Speak Out. Comp. Miranda Davis. London: Zed, 1983. 1929.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri ChakravortyCan the Subaltern Speak?Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture. Ed. Grossberg, Lawrence and Nelson, Cary. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1988. 271313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty In Other Worlds: Essays in Cultural Politics. New York: Methuen, 1987.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri ChakravortyWho Claims Alterity?” Kruger and Mariani 269–92. Tétreault, Mary Ann. “Civil Society in Kuwait: Protected Spaces and Women's Rights.” Middle East Journal 47.2 (1993): 275–27.Google Scholar
Traboulsi, Fawwaz “Beirut/Guernica: A City and a Painting.” Merip Sept.-Oct. 1988: 2937.Google Scholar
Trinh, T Minh-ha. Woman, Native, Other: Writing, Postcoloniality, and Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1989.Google Scholar
West, CornelBlack Culture and Postmodernism.” Kruger and Mariani 8796.Google Scholar