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Simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based diversity analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm resistant to bacterial wilt

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2007

E. S. Mace ,
W. Yuejin ,
L. Boshou ,
H. Upadhyaya ,
S. Chandra  and
J. H. Crouch
E. S. Mace*
Affiliation:
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India
W. Yuejin
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, P.R. China
L. Boshou
Affiliation:
Oil Crops Research Institute (OCRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P.R. China
H. Upadhyaya
Affiliation:
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India
S. Chandra
Affiliation:
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India
J. H. Crouch
Affiliation:
International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India
*
*Corresponding author (present address): Hermitage Research Station, 604 Yangan Road, Warwick, Qld 4370, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Groundnut is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum E. F. Smith, is one of the major biotic constraints to groundnut production particularly in South-East Asia and East Africa. Several sources of resistance to bacterial wilt have been identified through field screening of groundnut germplasm. The aim of the present study was to quantify the genetic diversity among selected bacterial wilt-resistant lines, in comparison with the levels of variation observable within the cultivated A. hypogaea gene pool. Thirty-two SSR markers were used to assess the degree of molecular polymorphism between 46 selected genotypes revealing 107 alleles, of which 101 (99.4%) were polymorphic with gene diversity scores ranging from 0.103 to 0.669, averaging 0.386. Cluster and multidimensional scaling analysis revealed two distinct groups within the germplasm broadly corresponding to the two subspecies (hypogaea and fastigiata) of A. hypogaea. However, accessions of varieties peruviana and aequatoriana grouped together with the varieties from subsp. hypogaea, rather than grouping with the other varieties of subsp. fastigiata. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 15% of the total observed variation was accounted for by disease response groups. This analysis will be useful in the selection of parental genotypes for mapping populations and breeding programmes attempting to broaden the genetic base of future groundnut cultivars. In particular, this opens up significant opportunities for the development of intraspecific mapping populations that will be highly relevant to modern groundnut breeding programmes.

Keywords

bacterial wiltgenetic diversitygroundnutSSRs
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , April 2007 , pp. 27 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2007

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