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Molecular evaluation of Afghan wheat landraces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 July 2014

Alagu Manickavelu ,
Sayaka Niwa ,
Kosaka Ayumi ,
Kenji Komatsu ,
Yukiko Naruoka  and
Tomohiro Ban
Alagu Manickavelu*
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
Sayaka Niwa
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
Kosaka Ayumi
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
Kenji Komatsu
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan Laboratory of Plant Resources utilization science, Department of Bioproduction Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
Yukiko Naruoka
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Tomohiro Ban
Affiliation:
Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The wheat landraces collected by Dr Hitoshi Kihara et al. from Afghanistan, the place of secondary origin of wheat, are an untapped genetic resource for mining novel alleles. In this study, approximately 400 landraces were collected from seven agroecological zones and characterized using diversity array technology and single-nucleotide polymorphism markers, as well as diagnostic molecular markers at important loci controlling vernalization (Vrn), photoperiod response (Ppd), grain colour (R), leaf rust (Lr), yellow rust (Yr), stem rust (Sr) and Fusarium head blight (Fhb). A genome-wide marker array revealed a large amount of genetic diversity among the landraces, 53% of which were winter types, 43% were either spring types or facultative and 4% were either unknown or had Vrn-A1c – a rare spring allele that needs to be confirmed with additional genotyping and phenotyping. At Ppd, 97% of the lines carried a photosensitive allele. In the case of grain colour, classification based on dominant or recessive allelic combinations revealed that approximately 39% of the population is characterized by white grain. Four gene-specific markers that were targeted to identify loci for rust and Fhb resistance enabled us to identify 17 unique landraces with known resistance genes.

Keywords

Afghan wheat landracesgene-specific markersgenetic diversity
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue S1: Special issue on the 3rd International Symposium on “Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources” , July 2014 , pp. S31 - S35
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014 

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