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Integration of ploidy level, secondary metabolite profile and morphological traits analyses to define a breeding strategy for trifoliate yam (Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 November 2014

T. F. Adaramola ,
M. A. Sonibare ,
A. Sartie ,
A. Lopez-Montes ,
J. Franco  and
D. C. Albach
T. F. Adaramola
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria Forest Conservation and Protection Department, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, PMB 5054, Ibadan, Nigeria
M. A. Sonibare*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
A. Sartie
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria Current address; AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
A. Lopez-Montes
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
J. Franco
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
D. C. Albach
Affiliation:
Institut für Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The literature in recent times lacks adequate report on the utilization and genetic improvement programmes on Dioscorea dumetorum. Despite the wide application of this yam species in agriculture and medicine, it suffers neglect while other species are becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, it is pertinent to focus on research that will bring this species to the limelight. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ploidy levels, morphological traits and secondary metabolite profile of 53 accessions of D. dumetorum from six countries in West and Central Africa. Ploidy levels were determined using flow cytometry. Overall, 18 morphological traits were recorded from the above- and underground parts of the plant. The 53 accessions were subjected to statistical analyses using the data on ploidy levels, morphological traits and qualitative phytochemical screening. A total of 15 accessions from the generated clusters were selected for thin layer chromatographic and quantitative phytochemical analyses. The analyses revealed diploid (2x) and triploid (3x) levels in these accessions. The pruned dendrogram derived from agglomerative hierarchical clustering based on the distance matrix revealed three main groups, showing a relationship between sex and ploidy level in the accessions and exhibiting sufficient cluster variability that may be important in designing breeding programmes. The crop was also shown to possess metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids, which are known to be useful in the application of phytomedicine. Genetic variability observed among the yam accessions in this study can be used for breeding purposes and to broaden the genetic basis of the crop for efficient utilization of the genetic potential possessed by this species.

Keywords

Dioscorea dumetorummorphological traitsplant genetic resourcesploidy levelssecondary metabolite
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 1 - 10
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014 

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