Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T04:09:31.275Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Geographical patterns of phenotypic diversity and structure of Kenyan wild sorghum populations (Sorghum spp.) as an aid to germplasm collection and conservation strategy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2010

Moses M. Muraya ,
Hartwig H. Geiger ,
Evans Mutegi ,
Ben M. Kanyenji ,
Fabrice Sagnard ,
Santie M. de Villiers ,
Dan Kiambi  and
Heiko K. Parzies
Moses M. Muraya*
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466Gatersleben, Germany
Hartwig H. Geiger
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany
Evans Mutegi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), PO Box 30148, Nairobi, Kenya
Ben M. Kanyenji
Affiliation:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI-Embu), PO Box 27-60100, Embu, Kenya
Fabrice Sagnard
Affiliation:
CIRAD-UMR Développement et Amélioration des Plantes, c/o ILRI, PO Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Santie M. de Villiers
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Dan Kiambi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Heiko K. Parzies
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Kenya lies within sorghum centre of diversity. However, information on the relative extent of diversity patterns within and among genetically defined groups of distinct ecosystems is lacking. The objective was to assess the structure and phenotypic diversity of wild sorghum populations across a range of geographical and ecological conditions in the country. Sixty-two wild sorghum populations (30 individuals per population) sampled from four distinct sorghum growing regions of Kenya and covering different agroecologies were characterized for ten qualitative traits. Plant height, number of tillers, panicle sizes and flag leaf dimensions were also recorded. Frequencies of the phenotypic classes of each character were calculated. The Shannon diversity index (H′) was used to estimate the magnitude of diversity. Principal component analysis was used to differentiate populations within and between regions. Wild sorghum is widely distributed in Kenya, occurring in sympatric ranges with cultivated sorghum, and both have overlapping flowering windows. All characters considered displayed great phenotypic diversity. Pooled over characters within regions, the mean H′ ranged between 0.60 and 0.93 in Western and Coast regions, respectively. Wild sorghum was found to show a weak regional differentiation, probably reflecting the importance of seed-mediated gene flow in shaping the wild sorghum population structure. Trait distribution was variable among regions, but there was no conspicuous distribution of the traits studied in any given region. Spontaneous hybridization and introgression of genes from cultivated to wild sorghum seems to be likely, and may already have occurred for a long time, although undocumented. Implications for in situ and ex situ genetic resources conservation are discussed.

Keywords

ecogeographical regionsgene flowgenetic resourcesintrogressionpopulation structurewild sorghum
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , December 2010 , pp. 217 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bapat, DR and Mote, UN (1982) Sources of shoot fly resistance in Sorghum. Journal of the Maharashtra Agricultural University 7: 238–240.Google Scholar
Bruschi, P, Vendramin, GG, Bussotti, F and Grossoni, P (2003) Morphological and molecular diversity among Italian population of Quercus petraea (Fagaceae). Annals of Botany 91: 707–716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dahlberg, JA (2000) Classification and characterisation of sorghum. In: Smith, CW and Frideriksen, RA (eds) Origin, History, Technology and Production. New York: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 99–130.Google Scholar
De Wet, JMJ (1977) Domestication of African cereals. African Economy History 3: 15–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Wet, JMJ (1978) Systematics and evolution of Sorghum Sect. Sorghum (Gramineae). American Journal of Botany 65: 477–484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Wet, JMJ and Harlan, JR (1971) The origin and domestication of Sorghum bicolor. Economic Botany 25: 128–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dillon, SL, Shapter, FM, Henry, RJ, Cordeiro, G, Izquierdo, L and Lee, LS (2007) Domestication to crop improvement: genetic resources for Sorghum and Saccharum (Andropogoneae). Annals of Botany 100: 975–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doggett, H (1988) Sorghum. 2nd ed. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Duvall, MR and Doebley, JF (1990) Restriction site variation in the chloroplast genome of Sorghum (Poaceae). Systematic Botany 15: 472–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franzmann, BA and Hardy, AT (1996) Testing the host status of Australian indigenous sorghums for the sorghum midge. In: Foale, MA, Henzell, RG and Kneip, JF (eds) Proceedings of the Third Australian Sorghum Conference. Tamworth, NSW, Australia. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Agricultural Science, pp. 365–367.Google Scholar
Harlan, JR and de Wet, JMJ (1972) A simplified classification of cultivated sorghum. Crop science 12: 172–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchenson, K (1970) A test for comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. Journal of Theoretical Biology 29: 151–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IBPGR/ICRISAT (1993) Descriptors for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Rome/Patancheru: International Board of Plant Genetic Resources/International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics.Google Scholar
Kamala, V, Singh, SD, Bramel, PJ and Rao, DM (2002) Sources of resistance to downy mildew in wild and weedy sorghums. Crop Science 42: 1357–1360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karunakar, RI, Narayana, YD, Pande, S, Mughogho, LK and Singh, SD (1994) Evaluation of wild and weedy sorghums for downy mildew resistance. International Sorghum and Millets Newsletter 35: 104–106.Google Scholar
Komolong, B, Chakraborty, S, Ryley, M and Yates, D (2002) Identify and genetic diversity of the sorghum ergot pathogen in Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53: 621–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, JA, Kimber, CT and Miller, FR (1983) The origin and early cultivation of sorghums in Africa. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin: 1454.Google Scholar
Murty, BR, Arunachalam, V and Saxena, MBL (1967) Classification and catalogue of old collection of sorghum. Indian Journal of Genetics 27: 1–394.Google Scholar
Price, HJ, Dillon, SL, Hodnett, G, Rooney, WL, Ross, L and Johnston, JS (2005) Genome evolution in the genus Sorghum (Poaceae). Annals of Botany 95: 219–227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rich, PJ, Grenier, C and Ejeta, G (2004) Striga resistance in the wild relatives of sorghum. Crop Science 44: 2221–2229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rooney, WL and Smith, CW (2000) Techniques for developing new cultivars. In: Smith, CW and Frederiksen, RA (eds) Sorghum: Origin, History Technology, and Production. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Rosenow, DT and Dahlberg, JA (2000) Collection, conversion, and utilization of sorghum. In: Smith, CW and Frederiksen, RA (eds) Sorghum: Origin, History Technology, and Production. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
SAS Institute (2004) The SAS System for Windows, Version 9.1 Cary, NC: The SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Sharma, HC and Fransmann, BA (2001) Host-plant preference and oviposition responses of the sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett) (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) towards wild relatives of sorghum. Journal of Applied Entomology 125: 109–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, WC and Frideriksen, RA (2000) Origin, History, Technology and Production. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Snowden, JD (1955) The wild fodder Sorghum of the section Eusorghum. Journal of the Linnean Society of London: Botany 55: 191–260.Google Scholar
Workeye, F (2002) Morphological and biochemical diversity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces of Ethiopia MSc Thesis, Addis Ababa.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Muraya supplementary material

Muraya supplementary material

Download Muraya supplementary material(File)
File 155.6 KB