Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T08:54:14.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Genetic diversity of on-farm selected olive trees in Moroccan traditional olive orchards

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2012

Ahmed El Bakkali ,
Hicham Haouane ,
Amal Hadiddou ,
Ahmed Oukabli ,
Sylvain Santoni ,
Sripada M. Udupa ,
Patrick Van Damme  and
Bouchaib Khadari
Ahmed El Bakkali
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR 1334 Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes (AGAP), F-34070Montpellier, France Montpellier SupAgroUMR 1334, AGAP, F-34070Montpellier, France INRA, CRRA-Meknes, UR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques (APCRPG), BP 578Meknes, Morocco Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plant Production, Coupure Links 653, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
Hicham Haouane
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR 1334 Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes (AGAP), F-34070Montpellier, France Montpellier SupAgroUMR 1334, AGAP, F-34070Montpellier, France
Amal Hadiddou
Affiliation:
INRA, CRRA-Meknes, UR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques (APCRPG), BP 578Meknes, Morocco
Ahmed Oukabli
Affiliation:
INRA, CRRA-Meknes, UR Amélioration des Plantes et Conservation des Ressources Phytogénétiques (APCRPG), BP 578Meknes, Morocco
Sylvain Santoni
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR 1334 Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes (AGAP), F-34070Montpellier, France
Sripada M. Udupa
Affiliation:
ICARDA-INRA Cooperative Research Project, ICARDA, BP 6299, RabatMorocco INRA, CRRA-Rabat, BP 415, Rabat, Morocco
Patrick Van Damme
Affiliation:
Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plant Production, Coupure Links 653, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
Bouchaib Khadari*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR 1334 Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes (AGAP), F-34070Montpellier, France CBNMED, UMR 1334 AGAP, F-34398Montpellier, France
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Selecting desired agronomic traits may lead to a loss of genetic diversity in crop species. A molecular investigation was conducted to determine how well a set of olive (Olea europaea L.) accessions sampled in Moroccan traditional orchards represented the entire Moroccan olive diversity range. We therefore collected, in traditional agroecosystems from northern and central Morocco, a total of 88 olive trees chosen for their agronomic traits based on local farmers' knowledge. Using 12 SSR loci, 45 trees (51.1%) had a genotype identical to the ‘Picholine Marocaine’ variety, while the remaining samples were classified into 27 different SSR profiles. Two categories of genotypes were identified: (i) genotypes closely related to the ‘Picholine Marocaine’ variety and probably resulting from intensive vegetative propagation from a limited number of clones, and (ii) genotypes displaying a high number of dissimilar alleles which may have originated from selected spontaneous seedlings. A significant difference in allelic richness was revealed between the 28 on-farm selected genotypes and the overall olive diversity, represented by 57 local genotypes, indicating that the on-farm selected trees represented a subsample of Moroccan genetic diversity. This could be explained by the prevalence of ‘Picholine Marocaine’ in traditional orchards, while some original genotypes with favourable agronomic traits resulting from local farmers' selection were also identified. Applying an ethnobotany approach combined with criteria to fulfil farmers' household needs could be particularly relevant and better explain the obtained results.

Keywords

intra-varietal variationlocal farmers' knowledgeolive (Olea europaea L.)olive breeding‘Picholine Marocaine’ varietySSR markers
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , August 2013 , pp. 97 - 105
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2012 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Achak, H, Ater, M, Oukabli, A, Santoni, S, Kjellberg, F and Khadari, B (2010) Traditional agroecosystems as conservatories and incubators of cultivated plant varietal diversity: the case of Fig (Ficus carica L.) in Morocco. BMC Plant Biology 10: 28.Google Scholar
Almekinders, CJM and Elings, A (2001) Collaboration of farmers and breeders: participatory crop improvement in perspective. Euphytica 122: 425–438.Google Scholar
Baali-Cherif, D and Besnard, G (2005) High genetic diversity and clonal growth in relict populations of Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei (Oleaceae) from Hoggar Algeria. Annals of Botany 96: 823–830.Google Scholar
Bachtrog, D, Agis, M, Imhof, M and Schlötterer, C (2000) Microsatellite variability differs between dinucleotide repeat Motifs – evidence from Drosophila melanogaster. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 1277–1285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baldoni, L, Cultrera, NG, Mariotti, R, Ricciolini, C, Arcioni, S, Vendramin, GG, Buonamici, A, Porceddu, A, Sarri, V, Ojeda, MA, Trujillo, I, Rallo, L, Belaj, A, Perri, E, Salimonti, A, Muzzalupo, I, Casagrande, A, Lain, O, Messina, R and Testolin, R (2009) A consensus list of microsatellite markers for olive genotyping. Molecular Breeding 24: 213–231.Google Scholar
Barnaud, A, Monique, D, Garine, E, Mckey, D and Joly, H (2007) Local genetic diversity of sorghum in a village in northern Cameroon: structure and dynamics of landraces. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114: 237–248.Google Scholar
Barranco, ND, Cimato, A, Fiorino, P, Rallo, RL, Touzani, A, Castañeda, C, Serafini, E and Trujillo, NI (2000) World Catalogue of Olive Varieties, COI. Madrid: Mundi-Prensa, p. 360.Google Scholar
Bartolini, G, Prevost, G, Messeri, C and Carignani, G (1998) Olive Germplasm: Cultivars and World-wide Collections. Rome: FAO Library.Google Scholar
Besnard, G, Breton, C, Baradat, P, Khadari, B and Berville, A (2001) Variety identification in olive (Olea europaea L.) based on RAPDs. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126: 668–675.Google Scholar
Boster, JS (1985) Selection for perceptual distinctiveness: evidence from Aguaruna cultivars of Manihot esculenta. Economic Botany 39: 310–325.Google Scholar
Boulouha, B, Loussert, R and Saadi, R (1992) Etude de la variabilité phénotypique de la variété population (Picholine Marocaine) dans la région de Haouz. Olivae 43: 30–33.Google Scholar
Caillon, S, Quero-Garcia, J, Lescure, JP and Lebot, V (2006) Nature of taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) genetic diversity prevalent in a Pacific Ocean island, Vanua Lava, Vanuatu. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53: 1273–1289.Google Scholar
Carriero, F, Fontanazza, G, Cellini, F and Giorio, G (2002) Identification of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in olive (Olea europaea L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 104: 301–307.Google Scholar
Chakraborty, R, Kimmel, M, Stivers, DN, Davison, LJ and Deka, R (1997) Relative mutation rates at di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide microsatellite loci. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 94: 1041–1046.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Charafi, J, El Meziane, A, Moukhli, A, Boulouha, B, El Modafar, C and Khadari, B (2007) Menara gardens: a Moroccan olive germplasm collection identified by SSR locus genetic study. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 55: 893–900.Google Scholar
Cipriani, G, Marrazzo, MT, Marconi, R and Cimato, A (2002) Microsatellite markers isolated in olive (Olea europaea L.) are suitable for individual fingerprinting and reveal polymorphism within ancient varieties. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 104: 223–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De La Rosa, R, James, CM and Tobutt, KR (2002) Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites in olive (Olea europaea L.) and their transferability to other genera in the Oleaceae. Molecular Ecology Notes 2: 265–267.Google Scholar
Evanno, G, Regnaut, S and Goudet, J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software Structure, a simulation study. Molecular Ecology 14: 2611–2620.Google Scholar
Fufa, F, Baum, M, Grando, S, Kafawin, O and Ceccarelli, S (2007) Consequences of a decentralized participatory barley breeding programme on changes in SSR allele frequency and diversity in one cycle of selection. Plant Breeding 126: 527–532.Google Scholar
Fufa, F, Grando, S, Kafawin, O, Shakhatreh, Y and Ceccarelli, S (2010) Efficiency of farmers' selection in a participatory barley breeding programme in Jordan. Plant Breeding 129: 156–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, RW (2009) A review of perceptual distinctiveness in landraces including an analysis of how its roles have been overlooked in plant breeding for low-input farming systems. Economic Botany 63: 242–255.Google Scholar
Green, PS and Wickens, GE (1989) The Olea europaea complex. In: Kit Tan, (ed.) The Davis & Hedge Festschrift. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 287–299.Google Scholar
Haouane, H, El Bakkali, A, Moukhli, A, Tollon, C, Santoni, S, Oukabli, A, El Modafar, C and Khadari, B (2011) Genetic structure and core collection of the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Marrakech: towards the optimised management and use of Mediterranean olive genetic resources. Genetica 139: 1083–1094.Google Scholar
Ibanez, J, Velez, MD, De Andres, MT and Borrego, J (2009) Molecular markers for establishing distinctness in vegetatively propagated crops: a case study in grapevine. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 119: 1214–1222.Google Scholar
Jakobsson, M and Rosenberg, NA (2007) Clumpp: a cluster matching and permutation program for dealing with label switching and multimodality in analysis of population structure. Bioinformatics 23: 1801–1806.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khadari, B, Charafi, J, Moukhli, A and Ater, M (2008) Substantial genetic diversity in cultivated Moroccan olive despite a single major variety: a paradoxical situation evidenced by the use of SSR loci. Tree Genetics and Genomes 4: 213–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khadari, B, Zine El Aabidine, A, Grout, C, Ben Sadok, I, Doligez, A, Moutier, N, Santoni, S and Costes, E (2010) A genetic linkage map of olive based on amplified fragment length polymorphism, intersimple sequence repeat and simple sequence repeat markers. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 135: 548–555.Google Scholar
Kruglyak, S, Durret, RT, Schug, M and Aquadro, CF (1998) Equilibrium distributions of microsatellite repeat length resulting from a balance between slippage events and point mutations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 95: 10774–10778.Google Scholar
Lenoir, M and Akerraz, A (1984) L'oléiculture dans le Maroc antique. Olivae 3: 12–17.Google Scholar
Lopes, MS, Mendonça, D, Sefc, KM, Gil, FS and Machado, AC (2004) Genetic evidence of intra-variety variability within Iberian olive varieties. HortScience 39: 1562–1565.Google Scholar
Nei, M (1987) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nei, M and Li, W (1979) Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 76: 5269–5273.Google Scholar
Padula, G, Giordani, E, Bellini, E, Rosati, A, Pandolfi, S, Paoletti, A, Pannelli, G, Ripa, V, De Rose, F, Perri, E, Buccoliero, A and Mennone, C (2008) Field evaluation of new olive (Olea europaea L.) selections and effects of genotype and environment on productivity and fruit characteristics. Advances in Horticultural Science 22: 87–94.Google Scholar
Park SDE (2001) Trypanotolerance in West African cattle and the population genetic effects of selection. PhD Thesis, University of Dublin.Google Scholar
Pritchard, JK, Stephens, M and Donnelly, P (2000) Inference of population structure from multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155: 945–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
R Development Core Team (2011) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. ISBN 3-900051-07-0. URL: http://www.R-project.org/.Google Scholar
Rohlf, FJ (2000) NTSYS-pc. Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. New York: Exeter Software.Google Scholar
Sarri, V, Baldoni, L, Porceddu, A, Cultrera, NGM, Contento, A, Frediani, M, Belaj, A, Trujillo, I and Cionini, PG (2006) Microsatellites markers are powerful tools for discriminating among olive varieties and assigning them to geographically defined populations. Genome 49: 1606–1615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schug, MD, Hutter, CM, Wetterstrand, KA, Gaudette, MS, Mackay, TF and Aquadro, CF (1998) The mutation rates of di-, tri- and tetranucleotide repeats in Drosophila melanogaster. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15: 1751–1760.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sefc, KM, Lopes, MS, Mendonca, D, Rodrigues Dos Santos, M, Laimer Da Camara Machado, M and Da Camara Machado, A (2000) Identification of microsatellite loci in olive (Olea europaea) and their characterization in Italian and Iberian olive trees. Molecular Ecology 9: 1171–1193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sneath, PHA and Sokal, RR (1973) Numerical Taxonomy. San Francisco, CA: WH Freeman.Google Scholar
Szpiech, ZA, Jakobsson, M and Rosenberg, NA (2008) ADZE: a rarefaction approach for counting alleles private to combinations of populations. Bioinformatics 24: 2498–2504.Google Scholar
Tessier, C, David, J, This, P, Boursiquot, JM and Charrier, A (1999) Optimization of the choice of molecular markers for varietal identification in Vitis vinifera L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 171–177.Google Scholar
Udupa, SM, Robertson, LD, Weigand, F, Baum, M and Kahl, G (1999) Allelic variation at (TAA)n microsatellite loci in a world collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm. Molecular and General Genetics 261: 354–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, D, Arevalo Gardini, E, Motilal, LA, Baligar, V, Bailey, B, Zuñiga-Cernades, L, Arevalo-Arevalo, CE and Meinhardt, L (2011) Dissecting genetic structure in farmer selections of Theobroma Cacao in the Peruvian Amazon: implications for on farm conservation and rehabilitation. Tropical Plant Biology 4: 106–116.Google Scholar
Zine El Aabidine, A, Charafi, J, Grout, C, Doligez, A, Santoni, S, Moukhli, A, Jay-Allemand, C, El Modafar, C and Khadari, B (2010) Construction of a genetic linkage map for the olive based on AFLP and SSR markers. Crop Science 50: 2291–2302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zohary, D and Hopf, M (2000) Domestication of Plants in the Old World: The Origin and Spread of Cultivated Plants in West Asia, Europe, and the Nile Valley. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Bakkali Supplementary Material

Appendix

Download Bakkali Supplementary Material(File)
File 968.7 KB