Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T03:07:59.108Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Genetic diversity in Ethiopian Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum var durum) inferred from phenotypic variations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2016

Dejene K. Mengistu ,
Yosef G. Kidane ,
Carlo Fadda  and
Mario Enrico Pè
Dejene K. Mengistu*
Affiliation:
Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33–56127 Pisa, Italy
Yosef G. Kidane
Affiliation:
Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33–56127 Pisa, Italy Bioversity International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Carlo Fadda
Affiliation:
Bioversity International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Mario Enrico Pè
Affiliation:
Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33–56127 Pisa, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The valorization of genetic diversities of major crops like wheat may help substantially to feed the world Population. Durum wheat genotypes consisting of 265 farmers’ varieties (FVs), which have been cultivated for many centuries in Ethiopia, as well as 24 improved varieties (IMVs) have been recently evaluated in northern Ethiopia. The evaluation has been carried out at two different locations for 2 consecutive years to verify the inherited diversity in FVs for important phenological and agronomic traits; with the intention to provide refined information to breeders and genebank managers. As a result of a careful evaluation, a very significant variation was observed between the FVs and IMVs. A large number of the former have demonstrated superior performance to the latter in terms of mean values of the major traits within the stipulated years and locations. The best performing FV has shown a gain of 20% grain yield over the best IMV. Multivariate analyses revealed that FVs displayed larger genetic diversity than in those IMVs. FVs could therefore be used as donor of useful alleles in durum wheat breeding for improvement of yield per se and other traits of agronomic and phenological importance. The identified stable superior FVs include: 8208, 226834A, 238567, 222426, 226282 could be best candidates for farmers in marginal environments. Genotypes that have shown stable performance for spatial variation such as 204493A, 214357 and 238567; and temporal variation such as 8208, 208479, 214357 and 226834A could be the best candidates for exploitation in future breeding programs.

Keywords

Ethiopian durum wheat farmer varietiesex situ conservationphenologywheat breeding
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 39 - 49
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abinasa, M, Ayana, A and Bultosa, G (2011) Genetic variability, hertitability and traits associations in durum wheat (Triticumturgidum L. var. durum) genotypes. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 3972–3973.Google Scholar
Agrama, H and Tuinstra, M (2003) Phylogenetic diversity and relationship sorghum accessions using SSRs and RAPDs. African Journal of Biotechnology 2: 334–340.Google Scholar
Al-Doss, A, Elshafei, A, Moustafa, K, Saleh, M and Barakat, M (2011) Comparative analysis of diversity based on morpho-agronomic traits and molecular markers in durum wheat under heat stress. African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 3671–3681.Google Scholar
Allard, R (1960) Principles of Plant Breeding. New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Annicchiarico, P and Pecetti, L (2003) Developing a tall durum wheat plant type for semi-arid, Mediterramean cereal-livestock farming systems. Field Crops Research 80: 157–164.Google Scholar
Araya, A and Stroosnijder, L (2010) Effects of tied ridges and mulch on barley (Hordeum vulgare) rainwater use efficiency and production in Northern Ethiopia. Agricultural Water Management 97: 841–847.Google Scholar
Bellucci, A, Torp, A, Bruun, S, Magid, J, Andersen, S and Rasmussen, S (2015) Association mapping in Scandinavian winter wheat for yield, plant height, and traits important for second-generation bioethanol production. Frontiers in Plant Science 6: 1046. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01046.Google Scholar
Ben Amar, F (1997) Populations locales de blé duretleurutilité dans la région semi-aride du Kef enTunisie. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter 110: 53–54.Google Scholar
Bertan, I, Irajá, F, Carvalho, F, Oliveira, C, Benin, G, Vieira, E and Valério, I (2009) Morphological, pedigree, and molecular distances and their association with hybrid wheat performance. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 44: 155–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradshaw, J, Hackett, C, Pande, B, Waugh, R and Bryan, G (2008) QTL mapping of yield, agronomic and quality traits in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 116: 193–211.Google Scholar
Ceccarelli, S (2012) Plant Breeding with Farmers: A Technical Manual. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA.Google Scholar
CIMMYT (2014) Wheat Atlas – Ethiopia Released wheat varieties. Available at http://wheatatlas.org/country/varieties/ETH/0. (accessed 20 July 2015).Google Scholar
FAO (2009) How to feed the world in 2050. Available at http://www.fao.org/wsfs/forum2050/wsfs-background-documents/wsfs-expert-papers/en/. (accessed 29 December 2015).Google Scholar
Fufa, H, Baenziger, P, Beecher, B, Weikat, I, Graybosch, R and Eskridge, K (2005) Comparison of phenotypic and molecular marker-based classifications of hard red winter wheat cultivars. Euphytica 145: 133–146.Google Scholar
Hammer, K and Diederichsen, A (2009) Evolution, status and perspectives for landraces in Europe. In Veteläinen, M, Negri, V and Maxted, N (eds) European Landraces On-Farm Conservation, Management and Use. Bioversity Technical Bulletin No. 15. Rome, Italy: Bioversity International, pp. 23–44.Google Scholar
Hammer, Ø, Harper, D and Ryan, P (2001) PAST: Paleontological Statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologica Electronica 4: P 9.Google Scholar
Haussman, B and Parzies, H (2009) Methodologies for generating variability. Part 1: use of genetic resources in plant breeding. In: Ceccarelli, S, Guimarães, EP and Weltzein, E (eds) Plant Breeding and Farmer Participation. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), pp. 107–128.Google Scholar
Institute of Biodiversity conservation (IBC) (2008) Ethiopia: Second Country Report on the State of PGRFA to FAO. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Available at http://www.pgrfa.org Google Scholar
Jemanesh, K, Hammer, K, Ayele, B, Nachit, M and Röder, M (2013) Genetic diversity assessment of Ethiopian tetraploid wheat FVs and IMVs using microsatellites and markers linked with stem rust resistance. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 60: 513–527.Google Scholar
Klindworth, D, Miller, J, Jin, Y and Xu, S (2007) Chromosomal of genes for stem rust resistance in monogenic lines derived from tetraploid wheat accession ST464. Crop Science 47: 1012–1013.Google Scholar
Lopes, M, El-Basyoni, I, Baenziger, P, Singh, S, Royo, C, Ozbek, K, Aktas, H, Ozer, E, Ozdemir, F, Manickavelu, A, Ban, T and Vikram, P (2015) Exploiting genetic diversity from FVs in wheat breeding for adaptation to climate change. Journal of Experimental Botany 66: 3477–3486.Google Scholar
McClean, P, Myers, J and Hammond, J (1993) Coefficient of parentage and cluster analysis of north American dry bean cultivars. Crop science 33: 190–197.Google Scholar
Mengistu, D and Pè, M (2016) Revisiting the ignored Ethiopian durum wheat (Triticumturgidum var. durum) landraces for genetic diversity exploitation in future wheat breeding programs. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 8: 45–59.Google Scholar
Mengistu, D, Afeworki, Y, Fadda, C and Pè, M (2015) Ethiopian durum wheat landraces harbor resistant genotypes for terminal drought adaptation. In: Girmay, G, Amanuel, Z, Habtam, T, Dereje, A, Tsehaye, A, Ayele, B, Tesfaye, M and Goitom, T (eds). Improving Food Security in the Face of Climate Change in Africa. Proceeding of the international conference. 13–15 July, 2015, Institute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.Google Scholar
Mengistu, D, Kidane, Y, Catellani, M, Frascaroli, E, Fadda, C, Pè, M and Dell'Acqua, M (2016) High-density molecular characterization and association mapping in Ethiopian durum wheat landraces reveals high diversity and potential for wheat breeding. Journal of Plant Biotechnology 14: 1800–1812.Google Scholar
Mez-Hausken, E (2004) Contrasting climate variability and meteorological drought with perceived drought and climate change in northern Ethiopia. Climate research 27: 19–31.Google Scholar
Minitab 16 Statistical Software (2010) Computer Software. Minitab, Inc.: State College, PA.Google Scholar
Mohammadi, R, Sadeghzadeh, B, Ahmadi, H, Bahrami, N and Amri, A (2015) Field evaluation of durum wheat FVs for prevailing abiotic and biotic stresses in highland rainfed regions of Iran. Crop Journal 3: 423–433.Google Scholar
Mondini, L, Farina, A, Porceddu, E and Pagnotta, M (2009) Analysis of durum wheat germplasm adapted to different climatic conditions. Annals of Applied Biology 10: 211–219.Google Scholar
Negassa, M (1986) Estimates of phenotypic diversity and breeding potential of Ethiopian wheat. Hereditas 104: 41–48.Google Scholar
Payne, R, Harding, S, Murray, D, Soutar, D, Baird, D, Glaser, A, Channing, I, Welham, S, Glimour, A, Thompson, R and Webster, R (2009) A Guide to REML in Genstat. UK: VSN international.Google Scholar
Ren, J, Sun, D, Chen, L, You, F, Wang, J, Peng, Y, Nevo, E, Sun, D, Luo, M and Peng, J (2013) Genetic diversity revealed by single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a worldwide germplasm collection of durum wheat. International Journal of Molecular Science 14: 7061–7088.Google Scholar
Singh, R, Chaudhary, B (1985) Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Analysis. New Delhi, India: Kalayani Publishers.Google Scholar
Sorrells, M and Wilsons, W (1997) Direct classification and selection of superior alleles for crop improvement. Crop Science 37: 691–697.Google Scholar
Tagel, G and van der Veen, A (2013) Assessing the evidence of climate variability in the northern part of Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 5: 104–119.Google Scholar
Tar′an, B, Zhang, C, Warkentin, T, Tullu, A and Vandenberg, A (2005) Genetic diversity among varieties and wild species accessions of pea (Pisum sativum L.) based on molecular markers, and Morphological and physiological characters. Genome 48: 257–272.Google Scholar
Tesfaye, M (2009) Assessing drought tolerance and diversity in turgidum wheat (Triticum Turgidum L.) FVs collected from shewa region. Journal of the Drylands 2: 120–130.Google Scholar
Thuillet, A, Bataillon, T, Poirier, S, Santoni, S and David, JL (2005) Estimation of long-term effective population sizes through the history of durum wheat using microsatellite data. Genetics 169: 1589–1599.Google Scholar
Toledo, F, Carvalho, C, Arias, C, Almeida, L, Brogin, R, Oliveira, M, Moreira, J, Ribeiro, A and Hiromoto, D (2006) Genotype and environment interaction on soybean yield in Mato Grosso State, Brazil José. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Brasília 41: 785–791.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsegaye, D, Dessalegn, T, Dessalegn, Y and Share, G (2012) Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in durum wheat germplasm (Triticum durumDesf). Agricultural Research and Reviews 1: 107–112.Google Scholar
Van Inghelandt, D, Melchinger, A, Lebreton, C and Stich, B (2010) Population structure and genetic diversity in a commercial maize breeding program assessed with SSR and SNP markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 120: 1289–1299.Google Scholar
Vargas, M, Combs, E, Alvarado, G, Atlin, G, Mathews, K and Crossa, J (2013) META: A suite of SAS programs to analyze multienvironment breeding trials. Agronomy Journal 105: 11–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vavilov, N (1951) The origin, variation, immunity and breeding of cultivated crops. Chronicles Botany 13: 1–36.Google Scholar
Vieira, E, de Carvalho, F, Bertan, I, Kopp, M, Zimmer, P, Benin, G, da Silva, J, Hartwig, I, Malone, G and de Oliveira, A (2007) QTL mapping of the domestication traits pre- harvest sprouting and dormancy in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.). Genetics and Molecular Biology 30: 392–399.Google Scholar
Yousaf, A, Atta, B, Akhter, J, Monneveux, P and Lateef, Z (2008) Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40: 2087–2097.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Mengistu supplementary material

Tables S1-S5 and Figures S1-S3

Download Mengistu supplementary material(File)
File 513.6 KB