Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T04:14:58.412Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Essential oil composition and antimicrobial assay of Acorus calamus leaves from different wild populations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2007

J. Radušienė ,
A. Judžentienė ,
D. Pečiulytė  and
V. Janulis
J. Radušienė*
Affiliation:
Institute of Botany, Žaliuju ežeru 49, Vilnius, LT-08406, Lithuania
A. Judžentienė
Affiliation:
Institute of Chemistry, A. Goštauto 9, Vilnius, LT-01108, Lithuania
D. Pečiulytė
Affiliation:
Institute of Botany, Žaliuju ežeru 49, Vilnius, LT-08406, Lithuania
V. Janulis
Affiliation:
Kaunas University of Medicine, Mickevičiaus 9, Kaunas, LT-44307, Lithuania
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The composition of essential oils obtained from leaves of Acorus calamus growing wild in 19 different locations was analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In total, 84 constituents have been identified, representing at least 86% of the total essential oil. The essential oils were dominated by the presence of phenolic compounds: (Z)-asarone (15.7–25.5%) and (Z)-methyl isoeugenol (2.0–4.9%). Other identified major components were (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrene, linalool, camphor and isoborneol. All oils were found to have a similar composition. However, a hierarchical cluster analysis of the quantitative data revealed significant differences between some accessions. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of four selected leaf essential oils were determined by a screening test with the broth dilution method. Of the 17 species of fungi, bacteria and yeasts tested, Mycobacterium ssp. and Bacillus subtilis were most susceptible to essential oils. Oils displayed low anti-fungal activity and their inhibitory activity was lower than the standard antibiotics. Oils differed in their activities against the various microorganisms tested.

Keywords

Acorus calamusantimicrobial activity(Z)-asaronegas chromatographyGC-MSleaf essential oilminimum inhibitory concentration
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , April 2007 , pp. 37 - 44
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, R (2001) Essential Oil Components by Quadrupole GC-MS. Carol Stream, IL: Allured Publishing Corp.Google Scholar
Choi, HS (2004) Aroma evaluation of an aquatic herb. Changpo (Acorus calamus var. angustatus Bess), by AEDA and SPME. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 52: 8099–8104.Google ScholarPubMed
Eloff, JNP (1998) A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Medica 64: 711–713.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evstatieva, LN, Todorova, MN, Ognyanov, IV and Kuleva, LV (1996) Chemical composition of the essential oil in Acorus calamus L. (Araceae). Fitologija 48: 19–23.Google Scholar
Goeggelmann, W and Schimmer, O (1983) Mutagenicity testing of β-asarone and comercial calamus drugs with Salmonella typhimurium. Mutation Research 121: 191–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, JG, Quinn, ML, Fabricant, DS and Franswort, NR (2000) Plants used against cancer—an extension of the work of Jonathan Hartwell. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 73: 347–377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Iguchi, M, Nishiyama, A, Koyama, H, Yamamura, S and Hirata, Y (1968) Isolation and structures of three new sesquiterpenes. Tetrahedron Letters 51: 5315–5318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiyavorranant, T, Chanbang, Y, Supyen, D, Sonthichai, S and Jatisatienr, A (2003) The effects of Acorus calamus Linn. and Stemona tuberosa Lour. Extracts on the insect pest, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Acta Horticulturae 597: 223–229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keller, K and Stahl, E (1982) Kalamus: Inhaltsstoffe und β-Asarongehalt bei verschiedenen Herkünften. Deutsche Apotheker-Zeitung 122: 2463–2466.Google Scholar
Keller, K and Stahl, E (1983) Zussammensetzung des äherischen Öles von beta-asoron frien Kalamus. Planta Medica 47: 71–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, S-I, Roh, J-Y, Kim, D-H, Lee, H-S and Ahn, Y-J (2001) Insecticidal activities of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils against Sitophilus orysae and Callosobruchus chinensis. Journal of Stored Products Research 39: 293–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kozyuk, KP (1997) Chorology and dynamic of resources of Acorus calamus L. in the Volyn region. Ukrayins'kyi Botanichnyi Zhurnal 54(3): 28–288.Google Scholar
Lander, V and Schreier, P (1990) Acorenone and γ-asarone: indicators of the origin of calamus oils (Acorus calamus L.) Flavour and Fragrance Journal 5: 75–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lange, D (1998) Europe's Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Their Use, Trade and Conservation. Cambridge: TRAFFIC International.Google Scholar
Mazza, G (1985) Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric studies of the constituents of the rhizome of calamus. I. The volatile constituents of the essential oil. Journal of Chromatography 328: 179–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehrotra, S, Mishra, KP, Maurya, R, Srimal, RC, Yadav, VS, Pandey, R and Singh, VK (2003) Anticellular and immunosuppressive properties of ethanolic extract of Acorus calamus rhizome. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 3: 53–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Motley, TJ (1994) The ethnobotany of sweet flag, Acorus calamus, (Araceae). Economic Botany 48: 397–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mungkornasawakul, P, Supyen, D, Jatisatienr, C and Jatisatienr, A (2002) Inhibitory effect of Acorus calamus L. extract on some plant pathogenic molds. Acta Horticulturae 576: 341–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norusis, M (1989) SPSS/PC+V2.0 Base Manual. Chicago: SPSS.Google Scholar
Paneru, RB, Le Patourel, GNJ and Kennedy, SH (1997) Toxicity of Acorus calamus rhizome powder from Eastern Nepal to Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Crop Protection 16: 759–763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, Ch, Kim, S-I and Ahn, Y-J (2003) Insecticidal activity of asarones identified in Acorus gramineus against three coleopteran stored-product insects. Journal of Stored Products Research 39: 333–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petrov, KA (1998) The effect of essential oils of Ledum palustre L., Acorus calamus L., Artemisia jacutica Drob. on the biotests growth. Rastitel'nyje Resursy 34(1): 47–50.Google Scholar
Raina, V, Srivastava, SK and Syamasunder, KV (2003) Essential oil composition of Acorus calamus L. from the lower region of the Himalayas. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 18: 18–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rode, J, Mastnak-Culk, C and Wagner, T (1996) Acorus calamus L. in Slovenia. In: Pank, F (ed.) Proceedings of an International Symposium on Breeding Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Quedlinburg, Germany, 30 June–4 July 1996, pp. 88–91. The Haworth Press, North America.Google Scholar
Röst, LCM (1979) Biosystematic investigations with Acorus. 4. Communication. A systematic approach to the classification of the genus. Planta Medica 37: 289–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Röst, LCM and Bos, R (1979) Biosystematic investigations with Acorus calamus (L.). 3. Constituents of essential oils. Planta Medica 36: 350–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, GH and Streloke, M (1994) Effect of Acorus calamus (L.) (Aceraceae) oil and its main compound β-asarone on Prostephanus truncates (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 30: 227–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Umoetok, SB (2000) The toxity of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) to three major insect pests of stored products. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 6: 187–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Venskutonis, RP and Dagilyte, A (2003) Composition of essential oil of sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) leaves at different growing phases. Journal of Essential Oil Research 15: 313–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vlietinck, AJ, De Beuyne, T, Apers, S and Pieters, L (1998) Plant derived leading compounds for chemotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Planta Medica 64: 97–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamamura, S, Iguchi, M, Nishiyama, A, Niwa, M and Koyama, HY (1971) Sesquiterpenes from Acorus calamus L. Tetrahedron 27: 5419–5431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar