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Classification and diversity of sacred and American Nelumbo species: the genetic relationships of flowering lotus cultivars in Japan using SSR markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Nakao Kubo ,
Masashi Hirai ,
Akio Kaneko ,
Daizo Tanaka  and
Kumaji Kasumi
Nakao Kubo*
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 74 Oji, Kitainayazuma, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan
Masashi Hirai
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefectural University, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 74 Oji, Kitainayazuma, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan
Akio Kaneko
Affiliation:
Kyoto Botanical Garden, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku606-0823, Japan
Daizo Tanaka
Affiliation:
Kyoto Flower Center, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan
Kumaji Kasumi
Affiliation:
Kyoto Flower Center, Seika, Kyoto619-0244, Japan
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The water lotus, genus Nelumbo, contains two species, the sacred (Nelumbo nucifera) and American lotuses (Nelumbo lutea). Hundreds of flowering lotus cultivars are currently known. However, their classification is unclear. For the classification of Nelumbo cultivars, in addition to 35 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers recently developed, we have developed 17 and 16 of new Nelumbo SSR markers from SSR-enriched genomic libraries and expressed sequence tag (EST) data, respectively. Out of these 68 SSRs, along with SSRs recently published by others, 52 showed clear polymorphisms in 98 Nelumbo samples. A total of 300 alleles were observed, ranging from 2 to 11 alleles per locus, with an average of 5.77. Alleles specific for the American lotus-derived cultivars and a cluster of the American lotus-derived cultivars on a neighbour-joining tree confirmed genetic differences between N. lutea and N. nucifera. In addition, a possible differentiation between Chinese and Japanese cultivars was also suggested. Parentage analysis using the SSR markers confirmed four known parentages and predicted currently-unknown parentages of six cultivars. The present data have demonstrated that site-specific, co-dominant SSR markers enable more accurate classification, identification and comparison of Nelumbo species.

Keywords

lotusneighbour-joining treeNelumbosimple sequence repeat (SSR)
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , December 2009 , pp. 260 - 270
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2009

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