Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T12:48:18.540Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Morpho-agronomic characterization and variation of indigo precursors in woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) accessions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2011

Luís Rocha ,
Carlos Carvalho ,
Sandra Martins ,
Fernando Braga  and
Valdemar Carnide
Luís Rocha
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Carlos Carvalho
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology/Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Sandra Martins
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Fernando Braga
Affiliation:
Centre of Chemistry of Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Valdemar Carnide*
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology/Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) was the most important source of natural blue indigo, a pigment used mainly for dyestuff until the beginning of the 20th century, when the increased use of synthetic dyes by the industry lead to a decrease in the interest of natural dyes and to the abandonment of dye crops. The aim of this study was to characterize, according to morphological and agronomical traits, 11 woad accessions from different countries and to quantify the indigo precursor content by high-performance liquid chromatograph-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Qualitative traits revealed a low variability and a great variation was observed in quantitative traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) diagrams divided the accessions into four groups, primarily according to their geographic origin. The first three components of the PCA accounted for 76.8% of the total variation. Reciprocal interactions between indigo precursors and fresh leaf weight were compared through genetic diversity, with significant differences in isatan B (0.5–5.1 g/kg), indoxyl (0.3–2.0 g/kg) and residual indigo (0.3–0.5 g/kg). This information, together with genetic data, can be used to assist local farmers to re-introduce Isatis species in the European agricultural system, not only indicating the higher indigo yielding genotypes, but also the most suitable harvest time.

Keywords

indigoisatan BIsatis tinctoria L.morphological traits
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , July 2011 , pp. 206 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Angelini, LG, Pistelli, L, Belloni, P, Bertoli, A and Panconesi, S (1997) Rubia tintorum a source of natural dyes: agronomic evaluation, quantitative analysis of alizarin and industrial assays. Industrial Crops and Production 6: 303–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Angelini, LG, Bertoli, A, Rolamdelli, S and Pistelli, L (2003) Agronomic potential of Reseda luteola L. as a new crop for natural dyes in textile production. Industrial Crops and Production 17: 199–207.Google Scholar
Angelini, LG, Tozzi, S and Di Nasso, NN (2007) Differences in leaf yield and indigo precursors production in woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) and Chinese woad (Isatis indigotica Fort.) genotypes. Field Crops Research 101: 285–295.Google Scholar
Baghalian, K, Maghsodi, M and Naghvi, MR (2010) Genetic diversity of Iranian madder (Rubia tinctorium) populations based on agro-morphological traits, phytochemical content and RAPD markers. Industrial Crops and Products 31: 557–562.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barber, EJ (1991) Prehistoric Textiles. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cardon, D (2007) Natural Dyes: Sources, Tradition, Technology and Science. Paris: Archetype Publications.Google Scholar
Carr, G (2005) Woad tattooing and identity in later Iron Age and early Roman Britain. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 24: 273–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X, Howard, OM, Yang, X, Wang, L, Oppenheim, JJ and Krakaner, T (2002) Effects of Shuanghuanglian and Qingkailing, two multi-components of traditional Chinese medicinal preparations, on human leukocyte function. Life Science 70: 2897–2913.Google Scholar
Fréchard, A, Fabre, N, Pean, C, Montant, S, Fauvel, MT, Rollin, P and Fourasté, I (2001) Novel indole-type glucosinolates from woad (Isatis tinctoria L.). Tetrahedron Letters 42: 9015–9017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galletti, S, Barillari, J, Jori, R and Venturi, G (2006) Glucobrassicin enhancement in woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) leaves by chemical and physical treatments. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86: 1833–1838.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaspar, H, Moiteiro, C, Tukman, A, Coutinho, J and Carnide, V (2009) Influence of soil fertility on dye flavonoids production in weld (Reseda luteola L.) accessions from Portugal. Journal of Separation Science 32: 4234–4240.Google Scholar
Gilbert, KG, Maule, HG, Rudolph, B, Lewis, M, Vandenburg, H, Sales, E, Tozzi, S and Cooke, DT (2004) Quantitative analysis of indigo and indigo precursors in leaves of Isatis spp. and Polygonum tinctorium. Biotechnology Progress 20: 1289–1292.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hofenk de Graaff, JH, Roelofs, WG and van Bommel, M (2004) The Colourful Past: Origins, Chemistry and Identification of Natural Dyestuffs. UK: Archetype Books, p. 396.Google Scholar
Kizil, S (2006) Morphological and agronomical characteristics of some wild and cultivated Isatis species. Journal of Central European Agriculture 7: 479–484.Google Scholar
Maugard, T, Enaud, E, Choisy, P and Legoy, MD (2001) Identification of an indigo precursor from leaves of Isatis tinctoria (Woad). Phytochemistry 58: 897–904.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oberthür, C, Graf, H and Hamburger, M (2004) The content of indigo precursors in Isatis tinctoria leaves – a comparative study of selected accessions and post-harvest treatments. Phytochemistry 65: 3261–3268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oberthür, C, Jäggi, R and Hamburger, M (2005) HPLC based activity profiling for 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity in Isatis tinctoria leaf extracts. Fitoterapia 76: 324–332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spataro, G and Negri, V (2008) Adaptability and variation in Isatis tinctoria L.: a new crop for Europe. Euphytica 163: 89–102.Google Scholar
Spataro, G, Taviani, P and Negri, V (2007) Genetic variation and population structure in a Eurasian collection of Isatis tinctoria L. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 54: 573–584.Google Scholar