Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-g4j75 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-10T21:26:19.892Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Latitudinal variation and distribution of photoperiod and temperature sensitivity for flowering in the world collection of pearl millet germplasm at ICRISAT genebank

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2012

H. D. Upadhyaya ,
K. N. Reddy ,
Mohd Irshad Ahmed ,
Naresh Dronavalli  and
C. L. L. Gowda
H. D. Upadhyaya*
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Genebank, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh502 324, India
K. N. Reddy
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Genebank, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh502 324, India
Mohd Irshad Ahmed
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Genebank, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh502 324, India
Naresh Dronavalli
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Genebank, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh502 324, India
C. L. L. Gowda
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Genebank, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh502 324, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The ICRISAT genebank, Patancheru, India holds 22,211 pearl millet germplasm accessions from 50 countries, including 19,063 landraces. Among these, 15,904 landraces that were geo-referenced are either thermo-sensitive (52.5%), or photoperiod-sensitive (45.6%), or insensitive to both temperature and photoperiod (2%). Latitude ranges of 10–15°N with 39.6% and 15–20°S with 13.1% of total accessions are the important regions for pearl millet germplasm. A study on climate data of the germplasm collection sites revealed that most accessions from latitudes ranging from 10 to 20° on both sides of the equator were highly sensitive to longer photoperiod (>12.5 h) and/or lower temperature ( < 12°C). Accessions that originated in locations at higher latitudes (>20–35°) on both the hemispheres exhibited low sensitivity to both photoperiod and low temperature, as they were exposed to such climates during their evolution. The accessions that are insensitive to both photoperiod and temperature were few but they originated from locations spread across all latitudes, although the highest numbers were from mid-latitudes (15–20°) in both hemispheres. As germplasm accessions are sensitive to climatic variables such as temperature and photoperiod, recording of location-specific geo-reference data while collecting the germplasm, which can help to elucidate the sensitivity of accessions to temperature and photoperiod, is emphasized. Critical evaluation of photoperiod-sensitive accessions that are late flowering for forage production and the photoperiod-insensitive early-maturing accessions for grain production, multiple cropping and development of parental lines with synchronized flowering for the development of hybrids is suggested.

Keywords

accessiongermplasmlatitudephotoperiodsensitivitytemperaturevariation
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 10 , Issue 1 , April 2012 , pp. 59 - 69
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andrews, DJ and Anand Kumar, K (1992) Pearl millet for food and forage. Advances in Agronomy 48: 89–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashraf, M and Hafeez, M (2004) Thermotolerance of pearl millet and maize at early growth stages: growth and nutrient relations. Biologia Plantarum 48: 81–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bidinger, FR and Rai, KN (1989) Photoperiodic response of paternal lines and F1 hybrids in pearl millet. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 49: 257–264.Google Scholar
Burton, GW and Powell, JB (1968) Pearl millet breeding and cytogenetics. Advances in Agronomy 20: 50–69.Google Scholar
Craufurd, PQ, Mahalakshmi, V, Bidinger, FR, Mukuru, SZ, Chantereau, J, Omanga, PA, Qi, A, Roberts, EH, Ellis, RH, Summerfield, RJ and Hammer, GL (1999) Adaptation of sorghum: characterization of genotypic flowering responses to temperature and photoperiod. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 99: 900–911.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erskine, W, Ellis, RH, Summerfield, RS, Roberts, EH and Hussain, A (1990) Characterization of responses to temperature and photoperiod for time to flowering in a world lentil collection. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 80: 193–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellmers, H and Burton, GW (1972) Photoperiod and temperature manipulation induces early flowering in pearl millet. Crop Science 12: 198–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hijmans, RJ, Guarino, Luigi and Rojas, Edwin (2002) DIVA-GIS, Version 2. A Geographic Information System for the Analysis of Biodiversity Data. Manual. Lima: International Potato Center.Google Scholar
Hijmans, RJ, Cameron, SE, Parra, JL, Jones, PG and Jarvis, A (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965–1978, doi: 10.1002/joc.1276. Available at http://www.worldclim.org/current (June 2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IBPGR and ICRISAT,(1993) Descriptors for Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. Rome/Patancheru: International Board for Plant Genetic Resources/International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, p. 43.Google Scholar
Joshi, AK, Pandya, JN, Mathukia, RK and Dangaria, CJ (2005) Initial evaluation for photosensitivity in pearl millet. Seed Research 33: 218–220.Google Scholar
McIntyre, BD, Flower, DJ and Riba, SJ (1993) Temperature and soil water status effects on radiation use and growth of pearl millet in a semi-arid environment. Agriculture and Forest Meteorology 66: 211–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MS EncartaR Interactive World Atlas(2000) 1995–1999 Microsoft Corporation. Redmond, WA: One Microsoft Way, pp. 98052–106399.Google Scholar
Ong, CK (1983) Response to temperature in a stand of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides S&H): II. Reproductive development. Journal of Experimental Botany 34: 337–348).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ong, CK and Everard, A (1979) Short day induction of flowering in pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) and its effect on plant morphology. Experimental Agriculture 15: 401–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, CJ and Coaldrake, PD (1983) Pennisetum americanum as a grain crop in eastern Australia. Field Crops Research 7: 265–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reddy, KN, Kameshwara Rao, N and Irshad, Ahmed (2004) Geographical patterns of diversity in pearl millet germplasm from Yemen. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 51: 513–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, EH, Qi, A, Ellis, RH, Summerfield, RJ, Lawn, RJ and Shanmugasundaram, S (1996) Use of field observations to characterize genotypic flowering responses to photoperiod and temperature: a soya bean exemplar. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 93: 519–533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roberts, EH and Summerfield, RJ (1987) Measurement and prediction of flowering in annual crops. In: Atherton JG (ed) Manipulation of flowering. Butterworths: London, pp 17–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snedecor, GW and Cochran, WG (1980) Statistical Methods. 7th edn. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Takei, E and Sakamoto, S (1987) Geographical variation of heading response to day length in foxtail millet (Setaria italica P. Beauv.). Japan Journal of Breeding 37: 150–158.Google Scholar
Upadhyaya, HD, Reddy, KN, Gowda, CLL, Irshad Ahmed, M and Sube, Singh (2007) Agroecological patterns of diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm from India. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 20: 178–185.Google Scholar
Upadhyaya, HD, Reddy, KN, Irshad Ahmed, M and Gowda, CLL (2010) Identification of gaps in pearl millet germplasm from Asia conserved at the ICRISAT genebank. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 8: 267–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wareing, PF and Phillips, IDJ (1981) Growth and Differentiation in Plants. 3rd edn. Oxford: Pergamon Press, p. 353.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Upadhyaya Supplementary Table

Table S1. Correlations between mean latitudes of collection sites and degree of sensitivity of germplasm accessions to temperature and photoperiod

Download Upadhyaya Supplementary Table(File)
File 48.1 KB