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Geographical patterns of phenotypic diversity and structure of Kenyan wild sorghum populations (Sorghum spp.) as an aid to germplasm collection and conservation strategy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2010

Moses M. Muraya ,
Hartwig H. Geiger ,
Evans Mutegi ,
Ben M. Kanyenji ,
Fabrice Sagnard ,
Santie M. de Villiers ,
Dan Kiambi  and
Heiko K. Parzies
Moses M. Muraya*
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466Gatersleben, Germany
Hartwig H. Geiger
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany
Evans Mutegi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), PO Box 30148, Nairobi, Kenya
Ben M. Kanyenji
Affiliation:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI-Embu), PO Box 27-60100, Embu, Kenya
Fabrice Sagnard
Affiliation:
CIRAD-UMR Développement et Amélioration des Plantes, c/o ILRI, PO Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Santie M. de Villiers
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Dan Kiambi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT-Nairobi), PO Box 3906300623Nairobi, Kenya
Heiko K. Parzies
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599Stuttgart, Germany
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Kenya lies within sorghum centre of diversity. However, information on the relative extent of diversity patterns within and among genetically defined groups of distinct ecosystems is lacking. The objective was to assess the structure and phenotypic diversity of wild sorghum populations across a range of geographical and ecological conditions in the country. Sixty-two wild sorghum populations (30 individuals per population) sampled from four distinct sorghum growing regions of Kenya and covering different agroecologies were characterized for ten qualitative traits. Plant height, number of tillers, panicle sizes and flag leaf dimensions were also recorded. Frequencies of the phenotypic classes of each character were calculated. The Shannon diversity index (H′) was used to estimate the magnitude of diversity. Principal component analysis was used to differentiate populations within and between regions. Wild sorghum is widely distributed in Kenya, occurring in sympatric ranges with cultivated sorghum, and both have overlapping flowering windows. All characters considered displayed great phenotypic diversity. Pooled over characters within regions, the mean H′ ranged between 0.60 and 0.93 in Western and Coast regions, respectively. Wild sorghum was found to show a weak regional differentiation, probably reflecting the importance of seed-mediated gene flow in shaping the wild sorghum population structure. Trait distribution was variable among regions, but there was no conspicuous distribution of the traits studied in any given region. Spontaneous hybridization and introgression of genes from cultivated to wild sorghum seems to be likely, and may already have occurred for a long time, although undocumented. Implications for in situ and ex situ genetic resources conservation are discussed.

Keywords

ecogeographical regionsgene flowgenetic resourcesintrogressionpopulation structurewild sorghum
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , December 2010 , pp. 217 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2010

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