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Labial harmony in Turkic, Tungusic and Mongolic languages: an element approach
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 November 2018
Abstract
It has been observed that the trigger and target in labial harmony are sometimes required to share a particular feature. Working within the framework of Radical CV Phonology, I argue that labial harmony is always subject to further requirements, stated in terms of additional licensing relations. Radical CV Phonology uses a limited set of elements that can be involved in such licensing, resulting in a restricted typology of labial harmony. Furthermore, I propose a distinction between lexical elements, which are always visible, and elements derived through harmony, which become visible in cycles. Crucially, elements derived through labial harmony do not have access to elements derived through tongue-root harmony, thus accounting for the lack of labial harmony in high vowels in tongue-root harmony systems. This architecture also accounts naturally for the behaviour of /i/, which is opaque to labial harmony in Tungusic languages but transparent to labial harmony in Mongolic languages.
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Footnotes
First and foremost, I would like to thank Harry van der Hulst for many discussions on the material here from the beginning of this research onwards. I am also very grateful to Tobias Scheer for extensive comments on various versions of this paper, the anonymous reviewers and the editors of Phonology. Finally, I would also like to thank Jonathan Bobaljik, Andrea Calabrese, Caroline Féry, Markus Pöchtrager and Peter Smith, as well as audiences at the Goethe University Frankfurt, the University of Leipzig, the University of Connecticut, the 2012 Northwest Linguistics Conference, the 19th and 20th Manchester Phonology Meetings, the 7th North American Phonology Conference and the 8th Workshop on Altaic Formal Linguistic. All mistakes are my own responsibility.
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