Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T00:22:28.588Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Portable Causal Dependence: A Tale of Consilience

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Abstract

This article describes research pursued by members of the McDonnell Collaborative on Causal Learning. A number of members independently converged on a similar idea: one of the central functions served by claims of actual causation is to highlight patterns of dependence that are highly portable into novel contexts. I describe in detail how this idea emerged in my own work and also in that of the psychologist Tania Lombrozo. In addition, I use the occasion to reflect on the nature of interdisciplinary collaboration in general and on the interaction between philosophy and psychology in particular.

Type
Psychology and Neuroscience
Copyright
Copyright © The Philosophy of Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

For comments and suggestions, I would like to thank David Danks, Alison Gopnik, Joseph Halpern, Joshua Knobe, Tania Lombrozo, Joshua Tenenbaum, and James Woodward.

References

Carnap, R. 1950. Logical Foundations of Probability. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Cat, J., Chang, H., and Cartwright, N.. 1996. “Otto Neurath: Politics and the Unity of Science.” In The Disunity of Science: Boundaries, Contexts and Power, ed. Galison, P. and Stump, D.. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Cushman, F., Knobe, J., and Sinnott-Armstrong, W.. 2008. “Moral Appraisals Affect Doing/Allowing Judgments.” Cognition 108:281–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dowe, P. 2000. Physical Causation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galison, P. 1998. Image and Logic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gopnik, A. 2000. “Explanation as Orgasm and the Drive for Causal Knowledge: The Function, Evolution, and Phenomenology of the Theory-Formation System.” In Explanation and Cognition, ed. Keil, F. and Wilson, R. A., 299324. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hall, N. 2004. “Two Concepts of Causation.” In Causation and Counterfactuals, ed. Collins, J., Hall, N., and Paul, L., 225–76. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Hall, N.. 2007. “Structural Equations and Causation.” Philosophical Studies 132:109–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halpern, J. 2008. “Defaults and Normality in Causal Structures.” In Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference, ed. Brewka, Gerhard and Lang, Jérôme, 661–72. Menlo Park, CA: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.Google Scholar
Halpern, J., and Hitchcock, C.. 2012. “Graded Causation and Defaults.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Computer Science, Cornell University.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitchcock, C. 2003. “Of Humean Bondage.” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 54:125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitchcock, C.. 2007a. “Prevention, Preemption, and the Principle of Sufficient Reason.” Philosophical Review 116:495532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitchcock, C.. 2007b. “What's Wrong with Neuron Diagrams.” In Causation and Explanation, ed. Campbell, J., O’Rourke, M., and Silverstein, H. S., 6992. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Hitchcock, C., and Knobe, J.. 2009. “Cause and Norm.” Journal of Philosophy 106:587612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knobe, J., and Fraser, B.. 2008. “Causal Judgment and Moral Judgment: Two Experiments.” In Moral Psychology, Vol. 2, The Cognitive Science of Morality, ed. Sinnott-Armstrong, W.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, D. 1973. “Causation.” Journal of Philosophy 70:556–67. Repr. with postscripts in Philosophical Papers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), 2:159–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D.. 1979. “Counterfactual Dependence and Time's Arrow.” Noûs 13:455–76. Repr. in Philosophical Papers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), 2:32–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, D.. 1980. “A Subjectivist's Guide to Objective Chance.” In Studies in Inductive Logic and Probability, Vol. 2, ed. R. C. Jeffrey. Berkeley: University of California Press. Repr. with postscripts in Philosophical Papers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986), 2:83132.Google Scholar
Lombrozo, T. 2010. “Causal-Explanatory Pluralism: How Intentions, Functions, and Mechanisms Influence Causal Ascriptions.” Cognitive Psychology 61:303–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lombrozo, T., and Carey, S.. 2006. “Functional Explanation and the Function of Explanation.” Cognition 99:167204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, K. 2007. “The Epistemology of Thought Experiments: First Person vs. Third Person Approaches.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 31:128–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mill, J. S. 1843. A System of Logic. London: Parker.Google Scholar
Moore, M. 2009. Causation and Responsibility: An Essay in Law, Morals, and Metaphysics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rose, D., Danks, D., and Machery, E.. 2012. “The Reasons Model of Actual Causation Judgments.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Philosophy, Rutgers University.Google Scholar
Salmon, W. 1984. Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Woodward, J. 2003. Making Things Happen: A Theory of Causal Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Woodward, J.. 2006. “Sensitive and Insensitive Causation.” Philosophical Review 115:150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar