Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T16:26:23.431Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Regions of Exception

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2017

Abstract

Regions of exception play a critical role in contemporary world politics: they are sites of civil conflict, economic backwardness, secessionist movements, opposition party support, and challenges to contemporary national projects. I argue in this article that the mainstream methodological language for understanding subnational politics renders such important cases illegible precisely because of these regions’ distinct histories and social structures. Using case materials drawn from contemporary Southeast Asia, I illustrate how to conceptualize regions of exception as representing particular tensions between the insights from comparative politics and area studies, with challenges for a purist view of causal inference in political science. Recognizing the challenges presented by regions of exception will help political scientists to better grasp key issues in contemporary world politics.

Type
Special Section: Problems of the State in the Developing World
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adhikari, Prakash. 2012. “The Plight of the Forgotten Ones: Civil War and Forced Migration.” International Studies Quarterly 56(3): 590606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agamben, Giorgio. 2005. State of Exception. Trans. Attell, K.. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict. 2016. “Frameworks of Comparison.” London Review of Books 38(2): 15–8.Google Scholar
Aspinall, Edward. 2009. Islam and Nation: Separatist Rebellion in Aceh, Indonesia. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Bennett, Andrew and Checkel, Jeffrey T., eds. 2015. Process Tracing: From Metaphor to Analytic Tool. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Berger, Daniel. 2012. “Studying Local Democracy and Studying Democracy Locally.” APSA-CD: Comparative Democratization 10(1): 3, 26–9.Google Scholar
Bertrand, Jacques. 2004. Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Indonesia. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Blackwell, Matthew, Honaker, James, and King, Gary. 2012. “Multiple Overimputation: A Unified Approach to Measurement Error and Missing Data.” Available at http://gking.harvard.edu/files/gking/files/measure.pdf [accessed August 20, 2014].Google Scholar
Blattman, Christopher and Miguel, Edward. 2010. “Civil War.” Journal of Economic Literature 48(1): 357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BPS. 2011. “Statistik Potensi Desa Indonesia (Village Potential Statistics of Indonesia).” Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.Google Scholar
Fearon, James D. 1991. “Counterfactuals and Hypothesis Testing in Political Science.” World Politics 43(2): 169–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geddes, Barbara. 1990. “How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answers You Get: Selection Bias in Comparative Politics.” Political Analysis 2(1): 131–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John. 2007. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gerring, John. 2012. “Mere Description.” British Journal of Political Science 42(4): 721–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, Edward. 2005. “Boundary Control: Subnational Authoritarianism in Democratic Countries.” World Politics 58(1): 101–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, Ellis, Wibbels, Erik, and Mvukiyehe, Eric. 2008. “Lessons from Strange Cases : Democracy, Development, and the Resource Curse in the U.S. States.” Comparative Political Studies 41(4/5): 477514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hecock, R. Douglas. 2004. “Electoral Competition, Globalization, and Subnational Education Spending in Mexico, 1999–2004.” American Journal of Political Science 50(4): 950–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holland, Paul W. 1986. “Statistics and Causal Inference.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 81(396): 945–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, Macartan and Weinstein, Jeremy M.. 2006. “Handling and Manhandling Civilians in Civil War.” American Political Science Review 100(03): 429–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. 2011. Perangkaan Penting (Vital Statistics). Putrajaya: Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia.Google Scholar
Kalyvas, Stathis N. 2006. The Logic of Violence in Civil War. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Gary. 1996. “Why Context Should Not Count.” Political Geography 15(2): 159–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Gary, Keohane, Robert O., and Verba, Sidney. 1994. Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramon, Eric and Posner, Daniel N.. 2013. “Who Benefits from Distributive Politics? How the Outcome One Studies Affects the Answer One Gets.” Perspectives on Politics 11(2): 461–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1971. “Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method.” American Political Science Review 65(3): 682–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipscomb, Molly, Mushfiq Mobarak, A., and Barham, Tania. 2013. “Development Effects of Electrification: Evidence from the Topographic Placement of Hydropower Plants in Brazil.” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 5(2): 200–31.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1996. American Exceptionalism: A Double-edged Sword. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Malesky, Edmund J. 2008a. “Battling Onward: The Debate Over Field Research in Developmental Economics and its Implications for Comparative Politics.” Qualitative Methods 6(2): 1721.Google Scholar
Malesky, Edmund J. 2008b. “Straight Ahead on Red: How Foreign Direct Investment Empowers Subnational Leaders.” Journal of Politics 70(1): 97119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manion, Melanie. 2008. “An Introduction to Survey Research on Chinese Politics.” The China Quarterly 196: 755–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCargo, Duncan. 2006. Tearing Apart the Land: Islam and Legitimacy in Southern Thailand. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
McCargo, Duncan. 2011. “Informal Citizens: Graduated Citizenship in Southern Thailand.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 34(5): 833–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mickey, Robert. 2015. Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America’s Deep South, 1944–1972. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Min, Brian K. 2010. “Democracy and Light: Public Service Provision in the Developing World.” PhD diss. Department of Political Science, UCLA.Google Scholar
Morgan, Stephen L. and Winship, Christopher. 2007. Counterfactual and Causal Inference: Methods and Principles for Social Research. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naughton, Barry. 2010. “China’s Distinctive System: can it be a model for others?” Journal of Contemporary China 19(65): 437–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ng, Jason Wei Jian, Rangel, Gary John, Vaithilingam, Santha, and Pillay, Subramaniam S.. 2015. “2013 Malaysian Elections: Ethnic Politics or Urban Wave?” Journal of East Asian Studies 15(2): 167–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pepinsky, Thomas B. 2015. “Interpreting Ethnicity and Urbanization in Malaysia’s 2013 General Election.” Journal of East Asian Studies 15(2): 199226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J. 2007. “Studying Chinese Politics: Farewell to Revolution?” China Journal 57: 122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, B. Guy. 1998. Comparative Politics: Theory and Methods. New York: New York University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Przeworski, Adam and Teune, Henry. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Rithmire, Meg. E. 2014. “China’s “New Regionalism”: Subnational Analysis in Chinese Political Economy.” World Politics 66(1): 165–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohlfing, Ingo and Schneider, Carsten Q.. 2016. “A Unifying Framework for Causal Analysis in Set-Theoretic Multimethod Research.” Sociological Methods & Research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124115626170 Google Scholar
Schmitt, Carl. 1922. Politische Theologie: Vier Kapitel zur Lehre von der Souveränität. Munich: Duncker & Humblot.Google Scholar
Scott, James C. 2009. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Selway, Joel. 2007. “Turning Malays into Thai-men: Nationalism, Ethnicity And Economic Inequality in Thailand.” South East Asia Research 15(1): 5387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, Prerna. 2015. “Subnationalism and Social Development: A Comparative Analysis of Indian States.” World Politics 67(3): 506–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, Richard. 2001. “Scaling Down: The Subnational Comparative Method.” Studies in Comparative International Development 36(1): 93110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tajima, Yuhki. 2013. “The Institutional Basis of Intercommunal Order: Evidence from Indonesia’s Democratic Transition.” American Journal of Political Science 57(1): 104–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thongchai, Winichakul. 1994. Siam Mapped: A History of the Geo-Body of a Nation. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.Google Scholar
van Schendel, Willem. 2002. “Geographies of Knowing, Geographies of Ignorance: Jumping Scale in Southeast Asia.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 20(6): 647–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidmann, Nils B. 2009. “Geography as Motivation and Opportunity: Group Concentration and Ethnic Conflict.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 53(4): 526–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weitz-Shapiro, Rebecca. 2012. “What Wins Votes: Why Some Politicians Opt Out of Clientelism.” American Journal of Political Science 56(3): 568–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xie, Yu. 2013. “Population Heterogeneity and Causal Inference.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110(16): 6262–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziblatt, Daniel. 2008. “Does Landholding Inequality Block Democratization?: A Test of the ‘Bread and Democracy’ Thesis and the Case of Prussia.” World Politics 60(4): 610–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Pepinsky supplementary material

Pepinsky supplementary material 1

Download Pepinsky supplementary material(File)
File 134.4 KB