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Mastodon butchery: microscopic evidence of carcass processing and bone tool use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2016

Pat Shipman ,
Daniel C. Fisher  and
Jennie J. Rose
Pat Shipman
Affiliation:
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
Daniel C. Fisher
Affiliation:
Museum of Paleontology and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Jennie J. Rose
Affiliation:
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Abstract

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of bone surfaces from the Pleasant Lake mastodon, excavated in southern Michigan, documents features indicative of butchery. These features are identified by comparison with modern bones modified by human and natural processes. We report new studies of (1) marks made by bone tools during removal of meat from and disarticulation of carcasses and (2) use wear developed on bone tools. We also apply previously developed criteria for recognizing stone tool cutmarks and stages in the burning of bone. The Pleasant Lake site, dated to between 10,395 ± 100 and 12,845 ± 165 b.p., provides compelling evidence of mastodon butchery and bone tool use. Another site, near New Hudson, Michigan, provides replication of much of this evidence. Together these sites offer new examples of patterns of bone modification and extend the geographic and temporal representation of the much discussed, but still controversial, late Pleistocene bone technology.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , Summer 1984 , pp. 358 - 365
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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References

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