Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T19:33:47.018Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ecological consequences of the Guadalupian extinction and its role in the brachiopod-mollusk transition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2015

Matthew E. Clapham
Matthew E. Clapham*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Guadalupian (middle Permian) extinction may have triggered substantial ecological restructuring in level-bottom communities, such as turnover in dominant brachiopod genera or a shift from abundant brachiopods to mollusks, despite comparatively minor taxonomic losses. However, ecological changes in relative abundance have been inferred from limited data; as a result, constraints on important shifts like the brachiopod-mollusk transition are imprecise. Here, I reevaluate the magnitude of ecological shifts during the Guadalupian–Lopingian (G-L) interval by supplementing previous census counts of silicified assemblages with counts from non-silicified assemblages and global occurrence data, both sourced from the Paleobiology Database. Brachiopod occurrences are consistent with more pronounced faunal composition changes from the Guadalupian to Lopingian than among stages within those intervals, but only in Iran and South China, and not in Pakistan or a Tethys-wide data set. In Iran and South China, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity values comparing occurrence frequencies between adjacent stages were elevated across the G-L transition, although other intervals exhibited similarly large shifts. However, genus occurrence frequencies were less strongly correlated or were anti-correlated across the G-L transition, suggesting moderate faunal turnover among dominant brachiopod genera. In contrast to previous inferences from silicified faunas, abundances of brachiopods, bivalves, and gastropods remained consistent from the Guadalupian to Lopingian in non-silicified local counts and global occurrences, implying that the brachiopod-mollusk shift did not occur until the end-Permian extinction. Ecological and taxonomic consequences were both minor in level-bottom settings, suggesting that severe environmental perturbations may not be necessary to explain biotic changes during the Guadalupian-Lopingian transition.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 41 , Issue 2 , March 2015 , pp. 266 - 279
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved. 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Alroy, J. 2010. Fair sampling of taxonomic richness and unbiased estimation of origination and extinction rates. In J. Alroy and G. Hunt, eds. Quantitative methods in paleobiology. Paleontological Society Papers 16:55–80.Google Scholar
Angiolini, L., and Carabelli, L.. 2010. Upper Permian brachiopods from the Nesen Formation, north Iran. Special Papers in Palaeontology 84:41–90. Palaeontological Association.Google Scholar
Bond, D. P. G., Hilton, J., Wignall, P. B., Ali, J. R., Stevens, L. G., Sun, Y., and Lai, X.. 2010. The Middle Permian (Capitanian) mass extinction on land and in the oceans. Earth-Science Reviews 102:100–116.Google Scholar
Brett, C. E. 1998. Sequence stratigraphy, paleoecology and evolution: biotic clues and responses to sea-level fluctuations. Palaios 13:241–262.Google Scholar
Bush, A. M., and Pruss, S. B.. 2013. Theoretical ecospace for ecosystem paleobiology: energy, nutrients, biominerals, and macroevolution. In A. M. Bush, S. B. Pruss, and J. L. Payne, eds. Ecosystem paleobiology and geobiology (Paleontological Society Short Course). Paleontological Society Papers 19: 1–20.Google Scholar
Buzas, M. A., Koch, C. F., Culver, S. J., and Sohl, N. F.. 1982. On the distribution of species occurrence. Paleobiology 8:143–150.Google Scholar
Cherns, L., and Wright, V. P.. 2009. Quantifying the impacts of early diagenetic aragonite dissolution on the fossil record. Palaios 24:756–771.Google Scholar
Clapham, M. E., and Bottjer, D. J.. 2007a. Permian marine paleoecology and its implications for large-scale decoupling of brachiopod and bivalve abundance and diversity during the Lopingian (Late Permian). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249:283–301.Google Scholar
Clapham, M. E., and Bottjer, D. J.. 2007b. Prolonged Permian Triassic ecological crisis recorded by molluscan dominance in Late Permian offshore assemblages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 104:12971–12975.Google Scholar
Clapham, M. E., and Payne, J. L.. 2011. Acidification, anoxia, and extinction: a multiple logistic regression analysis of extinction selectivity during the Middle and Late Permian. Geology 39:1059–1062.Google Scholar
Clapham, M. E., Shen, S., and Bottjer, D. J.. 2009. The double mass extinction revisited: reassessing the severity, selectivity, and causes of the end-Guadalupian biotic crisis (Late Permian). Paleobiology 35:32–50.Google Scholar
Clarke, K. R. 1993. Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Australian Journal of Ecology 18:117–143.Google Scholar
Crippa, G., and Angiolini, L.. 2012. Guadalupian (Permian) brachiopods from the Ruteh Limestone, north Iran. GeoArabia 17:125–176.Google Scholar
Droser, M. L., Bottjer, D. J., Sheehan, P. M., and McGhee, G. R.. 2000. Decoupling of taxonomic and ecologic severity of Phanerozoic marine mass extinctions. Geology 28:675–678.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erwin, D. H., and Kidder, D. L.. 2000. Depositional controls on selective silicification of Permian fossils, southwestern United States. Guadalupian Symposium, Smithsonian Contributions to Earth Science 32:407–415.Google Scholar
Fall, L. M., and Olszewski, T. D.. 2010. Environmental disruptions influence taxonomic composition of brachiopod paleocommunities in the Middle Permian Bell Canyon Formation (Delaware Basin, west Texas). Palaios 25:247–259.Google Scholar
Foote, M. 2000. Origination and extinction components of taxonomic diversity: general problems. In D. H. Erwin and S. L. Wing, eds. Deep time: Paleobiology's perspective Paleobiology 26(Suppl. to No. 4):74–102.Google Scholar
Fraiser, M. L., and Bottjer, D. J.. 2007. When bivalves took over the world. Paleobiology 33:397–413.Google Scholar
Gould, S. J., and Calloway, C. B.. 1980. Clams and brachiopods: ships that pass in the night. Paleobiology 6:383–396.Google Scholar
Groves, J. R., and Wang, Y.. 2013. Timing and size selectivity of the Guadalupian (Middle Permian) fusulinoidean extinction. Journal of Paleontology 87:183–196.Google Scholar
Isozaki, Y., Kawahata, H., and Minoshima, K.. 2007. The Capitanian (Permian) Kamura cooling event: the beginning of the Paleozoic–Mesozoic transition. Palaeoworld 16:16–30.Google Scholar
Jost, A. B., Mundil, R., He, B., Brown, S. T., Altiner, D., Sun, Y., DePaolo, D. J., and Payne, J. L.. 2014. Constraining the cause of the end-Guadalupian extinction with coupled records of carbon and calcium isotopes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 396:201–212.Google Scholar
Kiessling, W., and Simpson, C.. 2011. On the potential for ocean acidification to be a general cause of ancient reef crises. Global Change Biology 17:56–67.Google Scholar
Kump, L. R., and Arthur, M. A.. 1999. Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: carbonates and organic matter. Chemical Geology 161:181–198.Google Scholar
Liang, W. P. 1990. Lengwu Formation of Permian and its brachiopod fauna in Zhejiang Province. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.Google Scholar
McGhee, G. R., Clapham, M. E., Sheehan, P. M., Bottjer, D. J., and Droser, M. L.. 2013. A new ecological-severity ranking of major Phanerozoic biodiversity crises. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 370:260–270.Google Scholar
Mertmann, D. 2003. Evolution of the marine Permian carbonate platform in the Salt Range (Pakistan). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 191:373–384.Google Scholar
Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F. G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Minchin, P. R., O’Hara, R. B., Simpson, G. L., Solymos, P., Stevens, M. H. H., and Wagner, H.. 2013. vegan: community ecology package. R package version 2:0–8http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=veganGoogle Scholar
Payne, J. L., and Clapham, M. E.. 2012. End-Permian mass extinction in the oceans: an ancient analog for the twenty-first century? Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 40:89–111.Google Scholar
R Development Core Team 2013. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.Google Scholar
Schmitt, J. G., and Boyd, D. W.. 1981. Patterns of silicification in Permian pelecypods and brachiopods from Wyoming. Journal of Sedimentary Research 51:1297–1308.Google Scholar
Schrag, D. P., Higgins, J. A., Macdonald, F. A., and Johnston, D. T.. 2013. Authigenic carbonate and the history of the global carbon cycle. Science 339:540–543.Google Scholar
Shen, S., and Shi, G. R.. 1996. Diversity and extinction patterns of Permian Brachiopoda of south China. Historical Biology 12:93–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, S., and Shi, G. R.. 2002. Paleobiogeographical extinction patterns of Permian brachiopods in the Asian–western Pacific region. Paleobiology 28:449–463.Google Scholar
Shen, S., and Shi, G. R.. 2009. Latest Guadalupian brachiopods from the Guadalupian/Lopingian boundary GSSP section at Penglaitan in Laibin, Guangxi, South China and implications for the timing of the pre-Lopingian crisis. Palaeoworld 18:152–161.Google Scholar
Shen, S.-Z., Henderson, C. M., Bowring, S. A., Cao, C., Wang, Y., Wang, W., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y.-C., and Mu, L.. 2010. High-resolution Lopingian (Late Permian) timescale of South China. Geological Journal 134:122–134.Google Scholar
Stanley, S. M., and Yang, X.. 1994. A double mass extinction at the end of the Paleozoic era. Science 266:1340–1344.Google Scholar
Weidlich, O., Kiessling, W., and Flügel, E.. 2003. Permian-Triassic boundary interval as a model for forcing marine ecosystem collapse by long-term atmospheric oxygen drop. Geology 31:961–964.Google Scholar
Wignall, P. B., Vedrine, S., Bond, D. P. G., Wang, W., Lai, X.-L., Ali, J. R., and Jiang, H.-S.. 2009. Facies analysis and sea-level change at the Guadalupian-Lopingian Global Stratotype (Laibin, South China), and its bearing on the end-Guadalupian mass extinction. Journal of the Geological Society, London 166:655–666.Google Scholar