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Early ontogeny of Eutrephoceras compared to Recent Nautilus and Mesozoic ammonites: evidence from shell morphology and light stable isotopes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

Neil H. Landman ,
Danny M. Rye  and
Kevin L. Shelton
Neil H. Landman
Affiliation:
Department of Invertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street and Central Park West, New York, New York 10024
Danny M. Rye
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, P.O. Box 6666, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511
Kevin L. Shelton
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, P.O. Box 6666, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511
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Abstract

Observations on the morphology of the early whorls of Eutrephoceras dekayi (Morton), a widespread Cretaceous nautilid, are supplemented with oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses (δ18O and δ13C) of the early septa of five well-preserved specimens to help identify the point of hatching on the shell. Septa 4 and 5 are more closely spaced than preceding septa and probably correspond in time of formation with a constriction or first broken aperture on the outer shell one-third whorl forward of the fourth septum. In modern Nautilus, morphologic, isotopic, and observational data suggest that similar features mark hatching. Between the fourth and fifth septa in E. dekayi, δ18O values show a shift of variable magnitude from heavy to lighter values followed by a return to heavier values over the next one to three septa. This isotopic shift is compatible with a hatching interpretation and may be explained as the result of kinetic and equilibrium effects on emergence from an egg capsule.

Eutrephoceras dekayi hatched at about 9 mm in diameter, one-third the hatching size of modern Nautilus. Like Nautilus, E. dekayi probably produced few young, all of which were active swimmers at hatching. In contrast, Mesozoic ammonoids produced numerous offspring ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter which may have spent some time in the plankton. These differences in life history may correlate with differences in ecologic specialization, environmental tolerance, and habitat between ammonoids and nautilids and may have contributed to their disparate rates of evolution during the Mesozoic.

Type
Research Article
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 9 , Issue 3 , Summer 1983 , pp. 269 - 279
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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