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Competition and the morphology, ecology, and evolution of acorn barnacles: an experimental test

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

Michael L. Dungan
Michael L. Dungan*
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 87521
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Abstract

Recent ideas about the role of competition in the ecology and evolution of acorn barnacles are based partly on relationships between morphology and the outcome of competition for space. One hypothesis is that present distributions and patterns of evolutionary diversification and decline among acorn barnacles reflect the competitive exclusion and replacement of solid-walled forms by those with tubiferous skeletal structure. An alternate view is that large barnacles generally outcompete smaller ones, independent of differences in skeletal structure, with predation and disturbance favoring the ecological and evolutionary success of small barnacles. Field experiments and observations in the Gulf of California suggested that the small, solid-walled species, Chthamalus anisopoma, competitively exlcudes the larger, tubiferous Tetraclita stalactifera confinis on the lower part of the shore. Greater tolerance to aerial exposure appears to allow Tetraclita to occupy a high intertidal refuge above Chthamalus. A common denominator among several cases of competitive exclusion in acorn barnacles is the greater settlement density of the competitive dominant, not its morphology. Morphological considerations alone are insufficient to predict or explain the outcome of competition between barnacle species.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , Spring 1985 , pp. 165 - 173
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

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