Most of the information in this article refers to the south bank of the Kafue Flats, though much will doubtless be applicable to other areas where lechwe occur. Ansell (1955) refers to the lechwe on the Kafue Flats as “red lechwe”, and it has indeed been customary to apply this term to all lechwe in Northern Rhodesia, except those found on the plains around Lake Bangweulu and in the Chinsali District. The adult males of these latter have specially extensive black colouration, and have been called “black lechwe” (K. l. smithemani). But Ansell (1960) points out that the lechwe of the Kafue Flats are not the same as “red lechwe” from elsewhere, and has still more recently suggested (in litt., 27th August 1960) that the relic population in the Balovale District west of the Zambesi, is not identical with that of the Busanga Swamp. The possible differences in these populations would appear to be in the length and sweep of the horns, and in the extent of black markings on the forelegs of adult males. In this article we refer to all Northern Rhodesian lechwe populations without epithet.