In this report on his field survey of Ethiopian hartebeests, two of which—Swayne's, now extinct outside Ethiopia, and the tora—are in the Red Data Book, Melvin Bolton describes the known populations and recommends the appropriate conservation measures. His most encouraging discovery was a population—unfortunately in a heavily cultivated area—of at least 500 Swayne's hartebeest, bringing the estimated total for this subspecies to 600—700. His study shows that it is not always easy to ascribe all hartebeests to the three main subspecies or races, and he describes two intergrades with distinctive features. The field work was helped with small grants from the FPS and the WWF.