* These include Channel Islands National Monument off the coast of California, for which there is presently no oceanic jurisdiction, and which it is suggested should be enlarged to a national park taking in the islands of Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, and San Miguel and surrounding waters. Other sites outside the park system in which the sea will play a dominant role have also been proposed, for example Biscayne National Monument suggested for the reefs just south of Miami and north of the Key Largo Reef Preserve (also known as the Pennecamp Coral Reef State Park), a noteworthy marine park, 21 miles long and 4 miles wide, established in 1960 and administered by the State of Florida.

* The 15th recommendation of the Seattle Conference stated:

‘Whereas it is recognised that the oceans and their teeming life are subject to the same dangers of human interference and destruction as the land, that the sea and land are ecologically interdependent and indivisible, that population pressures will cause man to turn increasingly to the sea, and especially to the underwater scene, for recreation and spiritual refreshment, and that the preservation of unspoiled marine habitat is urgently needed for ethical and esthetic reasons, for the protection of rare species, for the replenishment of stocks and valuable food species, and for the provision of undisturbed areas for scientific research.

‘The First World Conference on National Parks invites the governments of all those countries having marine frontiers, and other appropriate agencies, to examine as a matter of urgency the possibility of creating marine parks or reserves to defend underwater areas of special significance from all forms of human interference, and further recommends the extension of existing national parks and equivalent reserves with shorelines, into the water to the ten fathom depth or the territorial limit or some other appropriate off-shore boundary.’