Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T13:22:05.478Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Applications of human behavioural ecology to sustainable wildlife conservation and use programmes in developing nations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2009

Joel T. Heinen
Joel T. Heinen
Affiliation:
College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Human behaviour probably evolved within the confines of small social groups whose members were closely related or interacted repeatedly over long periods of time. Patterns of behaviour regarding use of natural resources reflect this. It would appear that humans also tend to perceive as more urgent environmental problems occurring over a relatively short period of time, at relatively local spatial scales, and which affect them directly, rather than those occurring over greater spans of time and space. If so, then conservation strategies may be planned accordingly. This hypothesis is explored in the context of species conservation by the presentation of a country case-study (Nepal) and by a review of selected conservation programmes from several developing nations. There has been a general lack of research efforts that examine the effect of societal scales in this context, and more such efforts are needed to achieve conservation goals.

Type
Research Article
Information
Oryx , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , July 1995 , pp. 178 - 186
Copyright
Copyright © Fauna and Flora International 1995

References

Abramovitz, J.N. 1991. Investing in Biological Diversity: US Research and Conservation in Developing Countries. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Anderson, T.L. and Leal, D. 1991. Free Market Environmentalism. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.Google Scholar
Aylward, B. 1992. Appropriating the value of wildlife and wildlands. In Economics for the Wilds: Wildlife, Diversity, and Development (eds. Swanson, T. M. and Barbier, E. B.), pp. 34–64. Island Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Bonner, R. 1993. At the Hand of Man: Peril and Hope for Africa's Wildlife. Knopf, New York.Google Scholar
Clark, C. 1973. The economics of overexploitation. Science, 181, 630–634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cronk, L. 1991. Human behavioural ecology. Ann. Review Anthropology, 20, 25–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dallmeier, F. 1991. Whistling duck as a manageable and sustainable resource in Venezuela: balancing economic costs and benefits. In Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (eds Robinson, J. G. and Redford, K.), pp. 266–287. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
de Boer, L.E.M. 1992. Ex situ propagation programmes as a contribution to the conservation of biodiversity. In Conservation of Biodiversity for Sustainable Development (eds Sandlund, O. T., Hindar, K. and Brown, A. H. D.), pp. 214–229. Scandinavian University Press, Oslo.Google Scholar
Deb Roy, S. and Jackson, P. 1993. Mayhem in Manas: the threats to India's wildlife reserves. In Law of the Mother: Protecting Indigenous Peoples in Protected Areas (ed. Kemf, E.), pp. 156–161. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Deshmukh, I. 1989. On the limited role of biologists in biological conservation. Conservation Biology, 3 (3), 321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, J.A. and Sherman, P.B. 1990. Economics of Protected Areas: A New Look at Benefits and Costs. Island Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Donovan, S.K. (ed) 1989. Mass Extinctions: Processes and Evidence. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Erhlich, P.R. and Erhlich, A.H. 1981. Extinction: The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance Species. Random House, New York.Google Scholar
Franklin, W.L. and Fritz, M.A. 1991. Sustained harvest of the Patagonian guanaco: is it possible or too late? In Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (eds Robinson, J. G. and Redford, K. H.), pp. 317–358. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Hannon, B. 1990. Biological time value. Mathematical Biosciences, 100, 115–140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heinen, J.T. 1993. Park/people relations in Kosi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal: a socioeconomic analysis. Environmental Conservation, 20 (1), 25–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinen, J.T. 1994. Emerging, diverging and converging paradigms for sustainable development. International Journal of Sustainable Development World Ecology, 1 (1), 22–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinen, J.T. and Kattel, B. 1992. A review of conservation law in Nepal: past progress and future needs. Environmental Management, 16 (6), 723–733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinen, J.T. and Leisure, B. 1993. A new look at the Himalayan fur trade. Oryx, 27 (4), 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinen, J.T. and Low, B.S. 1992. Human behavioural ecology and environmental conservation. Environmental Conservation, 19 (2), 105–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinen, J.T. and Yonzon, P.B. 1994. A review of conservation issues and programs in Nepal: from a single-species focus toward biodiversity protection. Mountain Research and Development, 14 (1), 61–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heywood, V.H. 1992. Conservation of germplasm of wild plant species. In Conservation of Biodiversity for Sustainable Development (eds Sandlund, O. T., Hindar, K. and Brown, A. H. D.), pp. 189–203. Scandinavian University Press, Oslo.Google Scholar
HMG. 1992. National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973, Fourth Amendment (Buffer Zone Management). Nepal Gazette, 43 (15), 35–40.Google Scholar
Hough, J. 1991. Social impact assessment: its role in protected area planning and management. In Resident Peoples and National Parks (eds West, P. C. and Brechin, S. R.), pp. 274–283. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Janzen, D.H. 1992. A south-north perspective on science in the management, use, and economic development of biodiversity. In Conservation of Biodiversity for Sustainable Development (eds Sandlund, O., Hindar, K., and Brown, A. H. D.), pp. 27–52. Scandinavian University Press, Oslo.Google Scholar
Johannes, R.E. 1989. Traditional Ecological Knowledge: A Collection of Essays. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
Kemf, E. 1993. People in blue: the Tuareg of Niger. In Law of the Mother: Protecting Indigenous Peoples in Protected Areas (ed. Kemf, E.), pp. 186–193. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Kleiman, D.G., Beck, B.B., Baker, A.J., Ballou, J.D., Dietz, L. and Dietz, J.M. 1990. The conservation programme for the golden lion tamarin. Endangered Species Update, 8, 82–84.Google Scholar
Lagueux, C.L. 1991. Economic analysis of sea turtle eggs in a coastal community on the Pacific Coast of Honduras. In Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (eds Robinson, J. G. and Redford, K. H.), pp. 136–144. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Lewis, D., Kaweche, G.B. and Mwenya, A. 1990. Wildlife conservation outside protected areas – lessons from an experiment in Zambia. Conservation Biology, 4 (2), 171–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, B.S. and Heinen, J.T. 1993. Population, resources, and environment: implications of human behavioural ecology for conservation. Population and Environment, 15 (1), 7–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Low, B.S. and Ridley, M. 1994. Why we're not environmentalist altruists – and what we can do about it. Human Ecology Review, 1, 107–136.Google Scholar
Martin, E.B. 1992. The poisoning of rhinos and tigers in Nepal. Oryx, 26, 82–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mbanefo, S. and De Boerr, H. 1993. Campfire in Zimbabwe. In Law of the Mother: Protecting Indigenous Peoples in Protected Areas (ed. Kemf, E.), pp. 81–88. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
McNeely, J.A. 1988. Economics and Biological Diversity: Developing and Using Economic Incentives to Conserve Biological Resources. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar
McNeely, J.A. 1993. People and protected areas: partners in prosperity. In Law of the Mother: Protecting Indigenous Peoples in Protected Areas (ed. Kemf, E.), pp. 249–257. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
McNeely, J.A., Miller, K.R., Reid, W.V., Mittermeier, R.A. and Werner, T.B. 1990. Conserving the World's Biological Diversity. IUCN Publication Services, Gland, Switzerland.Google Scholar
Myers, N. 1984. The Primary Source. W. W. Norton and Co, London.Google Scholar
Myers, N. 1990. Tropical forests and life on earth. In Lessons from the Rainforest (eds Head, S. and Heinzman, R.), pp. 13–24. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Nepal, S.K. and Weber, K.E. 1993. Struggle for Existence: Park—People Conflict in Royal Chitwan National Park. Asian Institute for Technology, Bangkok.Google Scholar
Nichols, J. 1987. The Animal Smugglers. Facts on File, New York.Google Scholar
Noss, R.F. 1992. Issues of scale in conservation biology. In Conservation Biology: The Theory Practice of Nature Conservation Preservation Management (eds Fielder, P. L. and Jain, S. K.), pp. 239–252. Chapman and Hall, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldfield, M.L. 1989. The Value of Conserving Genetic Resources. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.Google Scholar
Ostrom, E. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pendelton, L.H. 1992. Trouble in paradise: practical obstacles to nontimber forestry in Latin America. In Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products (eds. Plotkin, M. and Famolare, L.), pp. 252–262. Island Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Plotkin, M. and Famolare, L. (eds). 1992. Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products. Island Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Plucknett, D.L., Smith, N.J.H., Williams, J.T. and Anishetty, N.M. 1987. Gene Banks and the World's Food. Princeton University Press, Princeton.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rasker, R., Martin, M.V. and Johnson, R.L. 1992. Economics: theory versus practice in wildlife management. Conservation Biology, 6 (3), 338–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, J.G. and Redford, K.H. (eds). 1991. Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Salafsky, N., Dugelby, B.L. and Terborgh, J.W. 1993. Can extractive reserves save the rainforest: an ecological and socioeconomic comparison of nontimber forest product extraction systems in Peten, Guatemala, and West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Conservation Biology, 7 (1), 39–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharma, U.R. and Shaw, W.W. 1993. Role of Nepal's Royal Chitwan National Park in meeting grazing and fodder needs of local people. Environmental Conservation, 20 (2), 139–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sherpa, M.N. 1993. Grass roots in a Himalayan Kingdom. In Law of the Mother: Protecting Indigenous Peoples in Protected Areas (ed. Kemf, E.), pp. 45–51. Sierra Club Books, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Soule, M.E. (ed.) 1987. Viable Populations for Conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soulé, M.E. and Kohm, K.A. 1989. Research Priorities for Conservation Biology. Island Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Swanson, T.M. and Barbier, E.D. (eds). 1992. Economics for the Wilds: Wildlife, Diversity, and Development. Island Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Swimmer, J.Y. 1993. Comparisons of in situ and relocated loggerhead sea turtle nests at Projeto Tamar, Brazil. MSc Thesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Ward, P. 1994. The End of Evolution: On Mass Extinctions and the Preservation of Biodiversity. Bantam Books, New York.Google Scholar
Wells, M. 1992. Biodiversity conservation, affluence and poverty: mismatched costs and benefits and efforts to remedy them. Ambio, 21, 237–243.Google Scholar
Werner, D.I. 1991. The rational use of green iguanas. In Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation (eds. Robinson, J. G. and Redford, K. H.), pp. 181–201. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Wilson, E.O. (ed.). 1988. Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Wilson, E.O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar