Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T16:33:43.705Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Memory, Expectation and the Temporal Flux of Acousmatic Music

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2020

Michael Gatt*
Affiliation:
Kingston University London, UK

Abstract

This article concerns the temporal experience of acousmatic music, how the music can impact a listener’s sense of time passing and the implications of memory and expectations of auditory events and their perceived connections to one another. It will outline how memory and schemas lead to predictions in the immediate future and larger expectations of a work’s form. An overview of the temporal listening framework for acousmatic music will be provided to show the interrelationship between memory and expectations and how they influence one’s listening focus in the present. Trevor Wishart’s Imago will be used to illustrate how one might compose an acousmatic work to promote active listening using compositional techniques that engage personal schemas and those built through the course of experiencing the piece.

Type
Articles
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bregman, A. 1994. Auditory Scene Analysis: The Perceptual Organization of Sound. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Delalande, F. 1998. Music Analysis and Reception Behaviours: Sommeil by Pierre Henry. Journal of New Research 27(1): 1366.Google Scholar
Drever, J. L. 2019. ‘Primacy of the Ear’ – But Whose Ear?: The Case for Auraldiversity in Sonic Arts Practice and Discourse. Organised Sound 24(1): 8595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emmerson, S. 2008. Pulse, Metre, Rhythm in Electro-acoustic Music. Proceedings of the Electroacoacoustic Music Studies Network International Conference 2008. Paris: INA-GRM and University Paris-Sorbonne (MINT-OMF).Google Scholar
Hirst, D. 2008. A Cognitive Framework for the Analysis of Acousmatic Music: Analysing Wind Chimes by Denis Smalley. Saarbrücken: Verlag Dr Müller.Google Scholar
Hirst, D. 2011. From Sound Shapes to Space-Form: Investigating the Relationships between Smalley’s Writings and Works. Organised Sound 16(1): 4253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Husserl, E. 1975. The Constitution of the Present. In Sherover, C (ed.) The Human Experience of Time: The Development of Its Philosophical Meaning. New York: New York University Press, 484503.Google Scholar
James, W. 1975. The Perception of Time. In Sherover, C. (ed.) The Human Experience of Time: The Development of Its Philosophical Meaning. New York: New York University Press, 368–83.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. 2007. The Meaning of the Body: Aesthetics of Human Understanding. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, G. 2010a. Meaning in Electroacoustic Music and the Everyday Mind. Organised Sound 15(1): 6374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, G. 2010b. Spatial Perception and Cognition in Multichannel Audio for Electroacoustic Music. Organised Sound 15(3): 228–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, G. 2016. Listening and Meaning: How a Model of Metal Layers Informs Electroacousitc Music Analysis. In Emmerson, S. and Landy, L. (eds.) Expanding the Horizon of Electroacoustic Music Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 3157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landy, L. 1994. The ‘Something to Hold on to Factor’ in Timbral Composition. Contemporary Music Review 10(2): 4960.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levitin, D. 2006. This Is Your Brain on Music: The Science of a Human Obsession. New York: Dutton.Google Scholar
Neisser, U. 1976. Cognition and Reality. San Francisco: Freeman.Google Scholar
Pasoulas, A. 2011. The Perception of Timescales in Electroacoustic Music. Unpublished PhD thesis, City University, London. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/1155/ (accessed 19 August 2019).Google Scholar
Rowell, L. 1996. The Study of Time in Music: A Quarter-Century Perspective. Indiana Theory Review 17(2): 6392.Google Scholar
Roy, S. 2003. L’analyse des musiques életroacoustiques: Modèles et propositions. Paris: L’Harmattan.Google Scholar
Royce, J. 1975. Time: Concept and Will. In Sherover, C. (ed.) The Human Experience of Time: The Development of Its Philosophical Meaning. New York: New York University Press, 395406.Google Scholar
Sherover, C. 1975. The Human Experience of Time: The Development of Its Philosophical Meaning. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, P. 2017. Treatise on Musical Objects: An Essay across Disciplines. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Schafer, R. M. 1977. The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment and the Tuning of the World. Vermont: Destiny Books.Google Scholar
Smalley, D. 1996. The Listening Imagination: Listening in the Electroacoustic Era. Contemporary Music Review 13(2): 77107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smalley, D. 1997. Spectromorphology: Explaining Sound-shapes. Organised Sound 2(2): 107–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smalley, D. 2010 Spectromorphology in 2010. In Gayou, E. (ed.) Denis Smalley: Polychrome Portraits n.15. Paris: INA-GRM, 89–101.Google Scholar
Snyder, B. 2000. Music and Memory: An Introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Thoresen, L. and Hedman, A. 2007. Spectromorphological Analysis of Sound Objects: An Adaptation of Pierre Schaeffer’s Typomorphology. Organised Sound 12(2): 29141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thoresen, L. 2009. Sound-objects, Values and Characters in Ake Parmerud’s Les objets obscurs, 3rd Section. Organised Sound 4(3): 310–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thoresen, L. 2010. Form-Building Patterns and Metaphorical Meaning. Organised Sound 15(2): 8295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wishart, T. 2012a. Sound Composition. York: Orpheus the Pantomime.Google Scholar
Young, J. 2016. Forming form. In Emmerson, S and Landy, L (eds.) Expanding the Horizon of Electroacoustic Music Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 5879.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

DISCOGRAPHY

Harrison, J. …et ainsi de suite… (1992) Articles indéfinis. Montréal: empreintes DIGITALes, IMED 9627.Google Scholar
Wishart, T. 2012b. Imago (2002). Globalalia/Imago. York: Orpheus the Pantomime, 23629.Google Scholar