Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T11:28:41.105Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Global Competitiveness of the U.S. Food-Processing Industry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2017

Michael R. Reed  and
Mary A. Marchant
Michael R. Reed
Affiliation:
Agricultural Economics at the University of Kentucky
Mary A. Marchant
Affiliation:
Agricultural Economics at the University of Kentucky
Get access

Extract

Before the 1970s, the U.S. economy was so large relative to the rest of the world that few American economists worried about the international sector and its relation to the U.S. economy. That view has changed dramatically in the past two decades. Total U.S. trade has increased from only $83 billion in 1970 to $866 billion in 1990, averaging a 12.4% increase each year. Exports accounted for less than 4% of U.S. gross national product (GNP) in the 1950s and 1960s, but now exports account for about 6% of U.S. GNP. These changes have radical implications for U.S. firms and government policies. The U.S. can no longer disregard economic occurrences in the rest of the world.

Type
The Changing Composition of the Agricultural Industry
Information
Northeastern Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , April 1992 , pp. 61 - 70
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bhagwati, Jagdish N., et al. “Quid Pro Quo Foreign Investment and Welfare: A Political-Economy-Theoretic Model.” Journal of Development Economics 27 (1987):127–38.Google Scholar
Buckley, Peter J., and Casson, Mark. The Future of the Multinational Enterprise. London: MacMillan, 1976.Google Scholar
Bureau of Economic Analysis. “U.S. Direct Investment Abroad.” Various Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.Google Scholar
Caves, Richard E. “International Corporations: The Industrial Economics of Foreign Investment.” Economica 38 (1971):1–27.Google Scholar
Cushman, David O. “The Effects of Real Wages and Labor Productivity on Foreign Direct Investment.” Southern Economic Journal 54 (1987):174–85.Google Scholar
Ethier, Wilfred. “The Multinational Firm.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 101, no. 4 (1986):805–33.Google Scholar
Evans, Cooper. “Expanding Export Markets for U.S. Agriculture Including Higher-Value Products.” Unpublished report submitted to the President. 1990.Google Scholar
General Accounting Office. “U.S. Department of Agriculture: Strategic Marketing Needed to Lead Agribusiness in International Trade.” GAO/RCED-91–22. January 1991.Google Scholar
Helpman, Elhanan. “International Trade in the Presence of Product Differentiation, Economies of Scale and Monopolistic Competition: A Chamberlin-Heckscher-Ohlin Approach.” Journal of International Economics 11(August 1981):305–40.Google Scholar
Hood, Neil, and Young, Stephen. The Economics of Multinational Enterprise. London: Longman Group Limited, 1979.Google Scholar
Horst, Thomas. “American Exports and Foreign Direct Investment.” Harvard Institute of Economic Research, Discussion Paper no. 362. May 1974.Google Scholar
Krugman, Paul. “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation and the Pattern of Trade.” American Economic Review 70 (1980):950–9.Google Scholar
Lipsey, Robert E., and Weiss, M.Y. “Exports and Foreign Investment in Manufacturing Industries.” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper no. 131. May 1976.Google Scholar
Porter, Michael. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York: Free Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Ray, Edward. “Economic Models and Methodologies to Determine the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in the United States.” Bureau of International Economic Policy and Research of the U.S. Department of Commerce. November 1977.Google Scholar
U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1987 Census of Manufacturing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Agriculture. Foreign Agricultural Service. “Desk Reference Guide to U.S. Agricultural Trade.” Agriculture Handbook no. 683. March 1990.Google Scholar
Vernon, Raymond. “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 80 (1966):190–207.Google Scholar
Wolf, Bernard M. “Industrial Diversification and Internationalization: Some Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Industrial Economics 26 (1977):177–91.Google Scholar