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² Youmans, Charles, ‘Richard Strauss and the Dismantling of Wagnerian Musical Metaphysics’ (PhD dissertation: Duke University, 1996); ‘The Private Intellectual Context of Richard Strauss's Also sprach Zarathustra’, 19th-Century Music 22/2 (autumn 1998): 101–26; ‘The Twentieth-Century Symphonies of Richard Strauss“, The Musical Quarterly 84/2 (summer 2000): 238–58Google Scholar; ‘The development of Richard Strauss's Worldview’, in The Richard Strauss Companion, ed. Schmid, Mark-Daniel (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003): 63–99’;Google Scholar‘The Role of Nietzsche in Richard Strauss's Artistic Development“, Journal of Musicology 21/3 (summer 2004): 309–42Google Scholar.

³ Here Youmans draws on and develops evidence presented in Jackson, Timothy L., ‘The Metamorphosis of the Metamorphosen: New Analytical and Source-Critical Studies’, in Richard Strauss: New Perspectives on the Composer and his Work, ed. Gilliam, Bryan (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1992): 193–241.Google Scholar

⁴ Zweig, Stefan, Die Welt von Gestern: Erinnerungen eines Europäers (Stockholm: Bermann-Fischer, 1942): 419 (my translation).Google Scholar