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Matthew V.18 and the Validity of the Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

Extract

The interpretation of the closing words of Matt. v. 18 has been bedevilled by doctrinal preconceptions and the misapprehension of a characteristically Semitic mode of expression. The attitude towards the Law expressed by Jesus in Matt. v. 17–20 is one of unqualified acceptance and approval. The Law is to be observed in every detail and there is no suggestion that there is any limit in time to its observance. The Law is eternal, and its most minute prescription retains its validity (v. 18), i.e. so long as the created world endures, to the end of time. The difficulty that confronts the exegete is to reconcile the closing, clause γένται with this unambiguous statement regarding the duration of the Law. If the sense of were similar in the two instances it would be natural to treat as a variant term for , in which case γενέθαι would be the antithesis of , and the two clauses would have opposite meanings. Again, to suggest, as is commonly done, that the last clause of v. 18 is to be understood—like the similar expressions in Matt. xxiv. 34 // Mark xiii. 30 // Luke xxi. 32—as referring to the parousia or to those works of Jesus which are unconnected with the observance of the Law is to rob the categorical assertion of its absolute character and to involve the speaker in self-contradiction. The two clauses introduced by cannot be treated as co-ordinate or synonymous.

Type
Short Studies
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1954

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References

1 E.g. Noldius, Concordantiae Particularum Ebraeo-Chaldaicarum (1679), p. 664.Google Scholar

2 E.g. Albrecht, Neuhebräische Grammatik auf Grund der Mis˘na (1913), § 27h-i;Google ScholarSmith, R. Payne, Thesaurus Syriacus, II (1901), 2799, s.v.;Google ScholarBrockelmann, , Grundriss der Vergleichenden Grammatik der Semitischen Sprachen, II (1913), § 352 a.Google Scholar

3 The text is quite sound; since fertility is of the deity's disposing, blessing and abundance of progeny present complementary aspects of the one idea, and the circumstantial expression is to be construed,—‘whereas (I am, i.e.) we are a numerous tribe (to the extent that, i.e.) inasmuch as Jehovah has blessed us thus abundantly’.Google Scholar

4 Cf. Lindblom, in Supplements to Vetus Testamentum, I (Congress Volume, Copenhagen, 1953), pp. 7887; Lindblom, however, attaches a temporal significance to .Google Scholar