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An OT Background to Rom 8.22

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

D. T. Tsumura
D. T. Tsumura
Affiliation:
Japan Bible Seminary, 2-9-3 Hanenishi, Hamura, Tokyo 205, Japan
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Extract

There has been much discussion in recent articles on the significance of the Spirit's ‘groaning’ in Rom 8.26. What has not been adequately treated is the OT background to v. 22. That verse reads as follows: οΪδαμεν γ⋯ρ ἵτι π⋯σα ⋯ κτ⋯στε σƲσΤεƲάζει κα⋯ συνωδ⋯νει ἄχρι το⋯ ν⋯ν and can be translated literally as follows:

We know that the whole creation groans together and travails together until now.

Type
Short Studies
Information
New Testament Studies , Volume 40 , Issue 4 , October 1994 , pp. 620 - 621
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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References

1 Cf. RSV: ‘We know that the whole creation has been groaning in travail together until now’; NIV: ‘We know that the whole creation has been groaning as in the pains of childbirth right up to the present time’; REB: ‘Up to the present, as we know, the whole created universe in all its parts groans as if in the pangs of childbirth’ (italics added).

2 Cranfield, C. E. B., A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans (ICC; Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1975) 416Google Scholar.

3 Cranfield, , Romans, 416, n. 2Google Scholar.

4 Black, M., Romans (NCBC; 2nd ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989) 116–17Google Scholar.

5 Cf. Lange, J. P., The Epistle of Paul to the Romans (2nd ed.; Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, n.d.) 273Google Scholar; Meyer, H. A. W., Critical and Exegetical Hand-book to the Epistle to the Romans (Winona Lake: Alpha Publications, 1884, 1979 [rep]) 326Google Scholar; Dunn, J. D. G., Romans 1–8 (WBC 38A; Dallas: Word, 1988) 469Google Scholar.

6 Morris, L., The Epistle to the Romans (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988) 323Google Scholar.

7 McComiskey, T. in The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology 2 (Exeter: Paternoster, 1976) 423Google Scholar. Schneider, J., TDNT 7 (1971) 600–3Google Scholar has no discussion of Gen 3.16 (LXX).

8 Cf. Rabin, C., ‘Etymological Miscellanea’, Studies in the Bible (Scripta Hierosolymitana 8; Jerusalem: Magnes, 1961) 390Google Scholar; Dahood, M., ‘Hebrew-Ugaritic Lexicography II’, Bib 45 (1964) 404Google Scholar. However, they explain the etymology of this term in the light of Ugaritic hrr ‘to desire’.

9 See the present writer's ‘A Note on ʵנרר (Gen. 3,16)’, Bib 75 (1994)Google Scholar[in press]. Cf. Chicago Assyrian Dictionary A/ii (1968) 236Google Scholar; Akkadisches Handwörterbuch 1 (1965) 65Google Scholar; Tropper, J., ‘Zur Morphologie der Verben primaeh im Ugaritischen und in den anderen nordwestsemitischen Sprachen’, Ugarit Forschungen 22 (1990) 377Google Scholar.

10 Linguarum seu dictionum exoletarum Hippocratis explicatio, ed. Kühn, C. G., Claudii Galeni opera omnia vol. 19 (Hildesheim: Olms, 1830Google Scholar; repr. 1965) 62–157. Thanks to Dr D. de Lacey for finding this reference by IBYCUS computer system at Tyndale House, Cambridge.

11 Literally, ‘pain and trembling’ (a hendiadys).

12 Lange, , The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, 273Google Scholar.